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The Six Degrees of Túrin Turambar

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The Six Degrees of Túrin Turambar

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Rereads and Rewatches Silmarillion Primer

The Six Degrees of Túrin Turambar

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Published on July 11, 2018

Art by Donato Giancola
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Art by Donato Giancola

In Which the Son of Húrin Is Raised Among Elves, Goes Out to Seek His (Mis)fortune, and Becomes a Host of Household Names While At Least Trying to Not Wreck All of Beleriand

The fantastical yet tragic story that became Chapter 21, “Of Túrin Turambar,” is one that J.R.R. Tolkien had worked on in the earliest days of his created world, before there was a legendarium. I mean, the story’s outline spawned The Silmarillion itself. And because it’s such an important one and, well,  a long one, I’m going to tackle it in two parts, as I did with Beren and Lúthien. I’ll mostly discuss the abridged version of the tale as it’s told in The Silmarillion (itself being an abridged account of what appears elsewhere).

And, look, it’s a grim one. This is not a fairy story with a happy ending featuring dive-bombing, eucatastrophic Eagles. It’s a goddamned Shakespearean tragedy where everyone—well, nearly everyone—dies at the end. There are dragons, suicides, manslaughters, elfslaughters, dwarfslaughters, and even a talking sword.

Túrin is the quintessential flawed hero of Tolkien’s works, the perfect foil to the Aragorns and Faramirs of the legendarium. He’s the one-man Exhibit A for why things aren’t always black and white in Middle-earth, as Tolkien’s critics are prone to libelously assert. So, let’s see Exhibit A.

Dramatis personæ of note:

  • Húrin – Man, captive audience (of one)
  • Morwen – Woman, Lady of Dor-lómin, war widow (effectively)
  • Túrin – Man, hapless son of Húrin and Morwen
  • Beleg Strongbow – Sinda, chief marchwarden of Doriath
  • Mîm – penultimate Petty-Dwarf
  • Gwindor – Noldo, Angband escapee
  • Glaurung – Dragon boss, progenitor

Of Túrin Turambar

Let’s start with Elrond’s list again, the one he invokes in The Fellowship of the Ring when speaking to Frodo after the hobbit offers to take the One Ring on its quest for destruction:

But if you take it freely, I will say that your choice is right; and though all the mighty Elf-friends of old, Hador, and Húrin, and Túrin, and Beren himself were assembled together, your seat should be among them.

No matter what follows, Túrin (TOO-rin) is considered a hero and an Elf-friend. Sometimes good intentions and a few good deeds are enough to get you on that roster.

But newcomers to Túrin’s story should know that the 2007 novel The Children of Húrin tells it in full—a book which Christopher Tolkien pieced together from his father’s original poetic and prose. Originally it was simply the Tale of the Children of Húrin—or Narn i Hîn Húrin, as it is named in The Silmarillion—and it first showed up in fragments in Unfinished Tales, but the aforementioned novelization is a great read, even if it is very sad. And hey, the audiobook is read by Christopher Lee, if that sweetens the pot for anyone.

Now here’s a funny thing about Túrin: He’d have grown up hearing stories of the legendary Beren, the mortal Man who cut the Silmaril from the crown of Morgoth himself. And young Túrin would therefore have heard that over the course of his adventures, Beren earned for himself a couple of different names based on misfortunes. Three in total: Beren, Erchamion, and Camlost. Well in this story, Túrin’s all, “Only three, Beren? Hold my mead…”

Túrin aims to top that that number, and I’m going to categorize his story, as briefly as I can (i.e. not brief at all) with each of his names as he receives them.

But before there was Túrin, there was Morwen, a proud daughter of the House of Bëor, first house of the Edain. In fact, Beren One-hand is a relative of hers. Her great-uncle was Beren’s dad, Barahir. Since Húrin’s own blood came from the chieftains of both the House of Hador and the House of Haleth, Morwen’s kids are the product of all three houses. It’s confusing, I know. So look here:

Morwen’s name means “dark maiden” in Sindarin, but she’s also given the Elven epithet of Eledhwen (EL-eth-when), which means Elfsheen. Having multiple names seems to be a family affectation. Back in Chapter 17, Tolkien gave us a spoiler: from Morwen would come Túrin, “the bane of Glaurung.” And considering that the father of all dragons has been a real nuisance in Beleriand lately—three times he’s come forth with fire and fury—it’s good to hear that his days are numbered.

While Morwen married Húrin, her cousin Rían married Húrin’s brother, Huor. Of course, we know by now that things didn’t end well for those two Gondolin-visiting brothers. They both came of age a few years after the Battle of Sudden Flame, but in the Battle of Unnumbered Tears, Huor was slain while Húrin was captured and taken to Angband. When last we left Húrin, he was placed in a stony high-chair and given the supernatural “gift” of seeing Morgoth’s curse fall upon his family. Morgoth is bent on making him suffer.

“Lalaith” by Ted Nasmith

But before all that, Húrin and Morwen had three kids: one on the way, one a little girl, and the eldest is Túrin.

Túrin

Young Túrin lives in peace and joy only for a short time before he’s hit with his first dose of sorrow. While he’s a quiet kid, his little sister is Lalaith (Sindarin for “laughter”), and she is a creature of happiness. But when she’s only three years old a plague sweeps through the region out of Angband (and this before the Battle of Unnumbered Tears). While the Elves of Hithlum are immune to all sickness (because of course they are), mortal Men are not. Little Lalaith is claimed.

As it’s presented in the original Tale of the Children of Húrin, Lalaith’s death sets the proper tone for the rest of the story. Many young people in Hithlum are afflicted by the Angband-borne pestilence, including Túrin himself, but he eventually beats it. Then he asks to see his baby sister (whose given name is Urwen, with Lalaith being her nickname).

And when Morwen came to him, Túrin said to her: ‘I am no longer sick, and I wish to see Urwen; but why must I not say Lalaith any more?’

‘Because Urwen is dead, and laughter is stilled in this house,’ she answered. ‘But you live, son of Morwen; and so does the Enemy who has done this to us.’

My takeaways from this: laughter is rare in their family, and Morgoth is blamed for it. Both right on the money for all that follows, and yet we’ll see that some of this family’s grief comes from their own choices. In any case, Morwen eventually becomes pregnant with Túrin’s next sibling, and that’s when Húrin and the men of the House of Hador go marching off to war, following the lead of the Noldor. And none of those men ever make it back home—nor does the news of their demise.

Easterlings come instead. These Men who allied with Morgoth during the war now occupy Hithlum and the land of Dor-lómin and live by bullying the women, the children, and the old of their defeated enemies. But the Easterlings are still embittered by their crappy-ass arrangement with Angband. The Dark Lord altered the deal and forced them to come and live in this cold northern realm, instead of in the bountiful lands to the south. Who’d have thought making a deal with Morgoth would turn out poorly for them? (Well, they’d best pray he doesn’t alter it any further.)

Túrin is eight years old now. For a little while, Morwen and her son are left alone by their oppressors—almost too alone, for she is poor. The Easterlings are wary of her: she is dark-haired, beautiful, and noble of bearing. They take her for some sort of Elf-loving witch among Men and so she lives apart like some shunned medicine woman, her only valuables being Elf-gifted heirlooms—valuable indeed, but not so much with Easterlings running the show.

Mostly, she fears that it’s only a matter of time before the Easterling occupiers overcome their superstition and take her son away, and lock him up or enslave him. Imagine that: having your kid taken from you. It’s legitimately one of the worst fears a parent has, and absolutely the sort of thing only villains would do.

So Morwen makes the terrible choice of sending her son away before he is taken. With the help of two elderly servants, he is sent in secret out over the Mountains of Shadow, across the Vale of Sirion, and towards Doriath, bearing messages to plead with the Elf-king Thingol to take him in. Why Thingol? Because, Morwen reasons, she is of the kindred of Beren, and doesn’t Thingol now regard his son-in-law favorably? He’d even regarded Húrin well, too.

Note that Húrin also spent time as a young man being fostered by a lord of the Eldar (King Turgon in Gondolin). It’s a pattern. One day young Aragorn, whose father is also removed from the equation, will be sent to Rivendell to be raised by a wise Elf-lord.

And just after she sends her boy away, Morwen gives birth to a daughter: Nienor, a second little sister! But this one Túrin hasn’t met. File that fact away as somewhat important. Now this girl’s name means Mourning, which, while lovely-sounding (NEE-eh-noor), isn’t exactly a great omen. But that’s the headspace Morwen is in right now. Her second child died, her husband is still MIA, and she’s just sent her son away with no guarantee of seeing him again.

As a point of reference, let’s look to her cousin, Rían. We as readers know that her husband, Huor, was slain by an Orc arrow right before Húrin did the whole Orc-arm-hewing-before-getting-captured thing in the last chapter. Rían, pregnant with their only child, received no word of her husband’s fate whatsoever—only Easterling invaders. Instead of remaining in her home like Morwen, she went into hiding with the remnants of the Sindarin of Hithlum, which is not a bad idea in itself. But after giving birth to her son, she left him to be raised by the Elves-in-hiding and went out alone onto the plain of Anfauglith, found that great mound of the dead piled up, and just laid down upon it. She called it quits. Game over. No explanations, no mourning, just a matter-of-fact end. At least Morwen is trying to weather the grief.

In any case, Túrin and his aged escorts come to Doriath, where border-security chief Beleg Strongbow, a veteran of both the Hunting for the Wolf (Chapter 19) and the Battle of Unnumbered Tears (Chapter 20), finds them. In the full tale, the young boy and his escorts are actually first “enmeshed in the mazes” of the Girdle of Melian and come near to starving! But upon discovering them, Beleg secures permission for their admittance. As was hoped, King Thingol does take the boy in, and is in fact happy to raise him as his own. Gosh! Talk about doing a one-eighty since his “into Doriath shall no Man come” days, eh? He even sends Elf messengers sneaking back to Morwen in Dor-lómin, trying to convince her to come, too. I almost don’t recognize this guy!

But Morwen won’t come. She won’t leave the house she shared with Húrin. It’s somewhat understandable but deeply regrettable—and also one of the first bitter choices made in this chapter. How things might have been different! And this is another dollop of sadness dropped onto young Túrin. His mom won’t come to be with him, nor bring his new little sister, because…because why? Grief and pride seem to be holding her back.

One thing Morwen does do is send back with Thingol’s messengers the most important heirloom of the House of Hador: the Dragon-helm of Dor-lómin. This Dwarf-made, rune-etched, grey-steeled, and gold-rimmed helm is crested with the image of Glaurung himself, long before the daddy fire-drake had grown to full might. It was wrought to commemorate Fingon’s first encounter with the dragon and his driving the beast back. The original Tale of the Children of Húrin gives us a bit more:

A power was in it that guarded any who wore it from wound or death, for the sword that hewed it was broken, and the dart that smote it sprang aside. It was wrought by Telchar, the smith of Nogrod, whose works were renowned. It had a visor (after the manner of those that the Dwarves used in their forges for the shielding of their eyes), and the face of one that wore it struck fear into the hearts of all beholders, but was itself guarded from dart and fire.

This mighty—and let’s just admit it, magical—Dragon-helm of Fire Resistance, Dreadful Intimidation, and Protection +3 came to the House of Hador, but its most recent heirs failed to make proper use of it. Húrin’s dad, Galdor, wore it plenty but not in his final battle, wherein an Orc arrow to the eye had been his send-off to the Waystation of Mandos (next stop: beyond the Circles of the World!).

Húrin himself actually didn’t want to wear the helm. That’s so Húrin. Not only did he shun such a heavy piece of armor—this being the guy who threw down his shield so he could remove more Orc arms with his axe—but he gave this as an explanation to someone: “I would rather look on my foes with my true face.” That’s just a quote from the Tale of the Children of Húrin, but this reasoning is also the perfect metaphor for him. Which in turn stands in stark contrast to his son’s choices. We’ll soon see how.

In any case, most of the covers for The Children of Húrin include the helm as a symbol for this story.

Speaking of Húrin, it’s worth remembering the end of the last chapter: Due to Húrin’s insolence in the face of Morgoth—who is hellbent on finding Gondolin—the Dark Lord has placed a curse on his family. Morgoth hopes this will break his prisoner, loosen his lips, and yield the location to that Hidden City of Turgon’s. And so, way up on his incommodious Thangorodrim chair of stone, Húrin has a front-row seat to his family’s doom. He’s being made to watch through Morgoth’s eyes—or at least, as much of it as Morgoth can perceive. He is powerful but far from omniscient; he relies on spies and messengers himself, and it may be that he has some means to “pierce all shadows of cloud, and earth, and flesh” as his lieutenant Sauron will do in The Lord of the Rings. Granted, Morgoth’s gaze (and likely his curse) cannot pierce the Girdle of Melian, so while Túrin is still in Doriath, his fate is his own to make. Maybe he’ll just stay there and everything will be all right?

Nine years go by as the boy grows into near-manhood, becoming strong (like Dad), tall (not at all like Dad), and apparently a real looker (definitely more like Mom). Every now and then Thingol sends messengers stealthily over into Easterling-occupied Hithlum to check in on Morwen and little Nienor. But then one day the messengers don’t return, so Thingol doesn’t send any more. Grey-elves don’t grow on trees, you know. Crestfallen, seventeen-year-old Túrin now really fears for his mom and sister. And his way of coping will be in battle. He teams up with Beleg Strongbow, his good friend and mentor. Beleg, I’m convinced, is the Mr. Miyagi to Túrin’s Daniel-san, a much older (and unfathomably wiser) warrior who takes the young man’s training upon himself.

With Thingol’s permission, Túrin takes up a suit of Elven chainmail and a sword, then at last dons the freakin’ Dragon-helm of Dor-lómin. He joins Beleg on the northern marches of Doriath, where his valor and grimness is put to use, slaying Orcs and any monsters of Morgoth’s that come into the region. There’s no mistaking him beside Beleg or any other Grey-elf, not with that fearsome Dwarven helm he’s got! Túrin is still basically a kid, as any adult thinks of someone his age. But as with any world where Orcs regularly raid and plunder, kids grow up fast. Especially mortals. Especially this mortal. And Túrin is his father’s son, after all. There is a lot of blood out there, just flowing freely inside Orcs and other monsters. So Túrin is out there trying to get it all on the outside.

But after three years of this, a disheveled Túrin returns to Menegroth. Beleg is still out in the field, but Túrin stops in for a breather, only to find a jealous schmuck of an Elf named Saeros starting some shit with him. Apparently Saeros (SIGH-ross), who is one of Thingol’s counselors, resents the fact that this sweaty young mortal enjoys the high regard of the king. In a moment of anger, the Elf jests that if the guys from Hithlum are so unkempt and wild (like this here Túrin), what about the gals? Do they just run around naked in the woods, “like deer clad only in their hair”?

Now here’s the thing about Túrin. As we’ll learn, he prefers open conflict, not passive aggression. Real combatants should use swords, not stealthy arrows. If you’ve got a problem with him, tell him to his face. So if Saeros had objected to the “honour” Túrin receives from Thingol, he should just say so. I honestly think Túrin would then address that, probably with strong words but nothing more. As it is, Saeros has made a jest at the expense of the women of Hithlum. And given Túrin’s grief at not having seen his mom in years and never having met his second baby sister, this is the Elf equivalent of Saeros telling a nasty “Yo Momma” joke. So the son of Húrin responds as he tends to: rashly. He picks up a tankard from the table they’re sitting at and straight-up chucks it into Saeros’s smug face. It busts him up bad.

In retaliation, Saeros foolishly tries to ambush Túrin the very next morning as he heads back into the woods. Túrin gets the better of him but doesn’t leave well enough alone. Another heroic Man of the First Age, like Beren or perhaps even Húrin, might have dropped a hogtied Saeros off in Thingol’s court and left it at that. But Túrin has an over-inflated sense of justice. So he forces Saeros to strip down like a deer and run buck naked through the woods…even as Túrin pursues him like a vengeful hunter. He only wants to humiliate the Elf, but doesn’t consider other consequences. Saeros in his fright falls into a chasm, and the rocks of the stream separate his broken body from his spirit, which undoubtedly is now speeding over to the Halls of Mandos.

There happen to be witnesses to the Elf’s end, and one of them is Mablung the Heavy-handed! He’s not heavy-handed about this, though; doesn’t try to haul Túrin off to the Menegroth county jail. Rather, he entreats Túrin to come and face Thingol’s judgement on the matter. But instead, Túrin gets the hell out of Doriath—note, without the Dragon-helm—“deeming himself now an outlaw and fearing to be held captive.” Túrin isn’t murderous (yet!), and he didn’t mean for things to play out this way. If he would just take a moment and think about it, he’d realize that Thingol, who’d raised him like a surrogate father, would surely give him the benefit of the doubt. But alas, Túrin’s shoot-and-ask-questions-later impulses are just getting started. Step one is to run from his problems.

Eventually Beleg Strongbow returns to Menegroth and learns about the Saeros incident. Thingol is upset, of course, but he didn’t want his “fosterson” to just skip town like this. He’s grown to love the boy, and so has Beleg. Thingol tells his chief of security that Túrin would be welcomed back, so Beleg swears to go and find the kid.

The wayward son of Húrin has chosen to play the victim. Not an endearing choice. If he’s a bad guy now, he seems to be reasoning, why not go be among other bad guys? So in woods to the west of the River Sirion, well outside of the Girdle of Melian, he falls in with a rough crowd. They’re a band of woodland-dwelling outlaws, Men who are “houseless and desperate,” all of them most likely the unfortunate products of Morgoth-based hardships. War has displaced them, has probably taken their families, and left them only with empty bellies, weapons, and a lot of aggression. So now Túrin becomes what he assumes others must think of him as: an outlaw, a bandit, one who takes what he wants by force and does not discriminate with victims: Orcs, Elves, Men, all fair game.

Say, maybe some rebranding would help him run from his guilt? Nothing like a new name to set aside your past. So he calls himself…

Neithan the Wronged

As Neithan (pronounced NAY-thun, just like you’d think), he becomes the captain of the outlaws. A year of this harsh life goes by. They operate in the wooded regions south of the River Taeglin, and their new captain does a pretty good job at not being Túrin. He’s left that life behind. Therefore no news of the son of Húrin can be found.

Which is why it takes that long for Beleg, master hunter that he is, that whole year to track him down. When he comes upon the band of outlaws one evening while “Neithan” is away, Beleg is seized, tied up, and generally treated poorly by the Men. They’ve bullied Elves and Men before—and that’s probably putting it mildly—but this one they think might be a spy. They’re ready to kill him, too. But then their captain returns, sees that it’s his old friend and mentor, and it’s like a bucket of ice water on Túrin’s conscience. Beleg represents everything good from his time in Doriath, especially the honor. Elves—the good ones, anyway—ennoble the Men they spend time with. This is a recurring theme throughout the legendarium.

With Beleg “Jiminy Cricket” Strongbow standing before him again, Túrin is forced to consider the life he’s been leading for a year. The “evil and lawless deeds” of his band of Men now weighs on him. Beleg’s presence grounds him, and he swears off banditry. Except against the creatures of Angband. It’s still open season on Orcs!

Beleg tries to convince him to return to Doriath; he’s got Thingol’s pardon for the whole naked-Elf-in-a-chasm thing. And they could sure use Túrin’s sword arm up the northern marches! The Orcs are getting bolder and closer to Doriath’s borders. But Túrin won’t go; pride alone dictates that he turn down Thingols’ invitation to return, but he does try to convince Beleg to stay with him. Which Beleg can’t do. He’s a marchwarden of Doriath and his duty lies in defending his home against the Dark Enemy of the World. The forces of Angband may not be able to get through the Girdle of Melian yet, but that doesn’t mean they can just let all the lands around them fall. The region of Dimbar, for example, is in serious trouble.

‘Is it farewell, then, son of Húrin?’ said Beleg. Then Túrin looked out westward, and he saw far off the great height of Amon Rûdh; and unwitting of what lay before him he answered: ‘You have said seek me in Dimbar. But I say, seek for me on Amon Rûdh! Else, this is our last farewell.’ Then they parted, in friendship, yet in sadness.

“Amon Rûdh” by Kenneth Sofia

Túrin just picked the distant red-capped hill of Amon Rûdh (AH-mun rooth) because it caught his eye and happened to be closer to him than the northern regions Beleg was returning to. A selfish and arbitrary place to reunite, perhaps, but also a moment of unwitting foresight on his part.

Back in Doriath, Beleg goes to his king and gives him the skinny on Túrin. Thingol is flustered. It’s like he knows that the son of Húrin is important, is destined for greatness, and shouldn’t just be disregarded. Moreover he cares about Túrin. Which can seem odd to some readers, frankly. We see Túrin make a lot of rash and prideful decisions that get people hurt, and yet the people in his orbit, especially all these immortal Elves, seem really drawn to him and treat him with respect not just beyond his years but beyond his race. This might just be a drawback to the summary nature of The Silmarillion. If you read The Children of Húrin, and get the full story of each segment of this tale, you can see there is often more kindness, or at least better intentions, in Túrin’s heart. It might also be that a lot of hope rides on Túrin. He’s among the last of the Edain; the blood of all three houses of Elf-friends flows in his veins.

In any case, Beleg tells his king that if he grants him leave—i.e. lets him retire, at least for now, from being chief marchwarden—then he’ll take it upon himself to guard and guide the young man. There is much good in Túrin; he doesn’t want to see it squandered as an outlaw. Thingol gives Beleg his blessing in this, and offers for him to take whatever he wishes from his royal vault to aid him, so Beleg asks “for a sword of worth.”

Fatefully, Beleg chooses Anglachel, a near-sentient, black-bladed sword that was made by everybody’s favorite Dark Elf smith, Eöl, long ago. Forged from meteoric iron, it can cut through iron of the earth. I can’t help but wonder if the meteorite used came from the spheres of Arda or from Eä beyond it. It raises questions about the very cosmology of this universe…which, frankly, The Silmarillion doesn’t address (but various History of Middle-earth books do tackle, if not comprehensively). In the very least, the falling of this “blazing star” and its manipulation by Eöl, a Child of Ilúvatar, must have at least yielded some lively conversations between two of the Valar: Aulë, whose lordship is “over all the substances of which Arda is made,” and Varda, “who knows all the regions of Eä.”

But I digress. Queen Melian sees which sword Beleg has chosen and warns him of its malice, of “the dark heart of the smith [that] still dwells in it.” (Presumably Thingol rolls his eyes and is all, “My wife and her old wives’ tales, amiright?”) But it doesn’t change the marchwarden’s mind. Beleg may put the “bow” in “Strongbow,” but with Orcs getting thicker in Beleriand, he wants something for close-quarter fighting, and a sword that cleaves through iron will nicely cut through Orc-bones.

Melian one-ups her husband in a way that can literally only be done by an Elf-queen in Arda (or a Maia-in-Elf’s-clothing). She gives Beleg—and by extension, Túrin—the gift of sustenance, a gift like no other. See, you can lend anyone a sword, but what good’s a sword in the wild if hunger is your most persistent foe?

And she gave him store of lembas, the waybread of the Elves, wrapped in leaves of silver, and the threads that bound it were sealed at the knots with the seal of the Queen, a wafer of white wax shaped as a single flower of Telperion; for according to the customs of the Eldalië the keeping and giving of lembas belonged to the Queen alone. In nothing did Melian show greater favour to Túrin than in this gift; for the Eldar had never before allowed Men to use this waybread, and seldom did so again.

I’m thinking that somewhere nearby, Galadriel may be watching this, and thinking she could one day do the same, but maybe add Dwarves to the list of rare recipients of lembas

So with his royal gifts in hand, Beleg returns first to the northern marches to break in his “new” sword and spill some Orc blood. He and the other Elf-wardens have some success in Dimbar, a region just northwest of Doriath, until winter, at which point he departs again to seek Túrin.

Now we jump back over to the Túrin, a.k.a. Neithan the Wronged, and find that he’s moved on westward with his crew, searching for a more stationary place. For a lair. And one day they stumble upon three diminutive and strange Dwarves right there in the wild—which is a curious place for them to be. Don’t all the Dwarves live in the Blue Mountains or beyond? They only come into Beleriand to work. So who are these hermit-looking fellows? Well, there’s no talk. The Dwarves immediately run, but Túrin and his men are bowstring-happy. The seemingly oldest and least spry of them gets grabbed, while shots are fired at the other two who get away.

“Mîm Pleads For His Life” by Ted Nasmith

Their captive is named Mîm, and he pleads for his life. Mîm (yup, pronounced “meme”) is a peculiar character who incites both anger and sadness at times; a little old man who plays both sides as it suits him, and yet he’s somehow pitiable. In some moments, it’s like the only thing he’s missing is a Precious to pine after. He’s ancient yet scrappy. Mîm seeks mercy: If they’ll spare him, he’ll lead them to his hideout. Túrin, who does pity him, agrees. So where does the old Dwarf’s live?

Then Mîm answered: ‘High above the lands lies the house of Mîm, upon the great hill; Amon Rûdh is that hill called now, since the Elves changed all the names.’

Hah, he totally nailed Elves there. They name everything in sight. Incidentally, Amon Rûdh is Sindarin for “Bald Hill.” The color of its otherwise bare top comes from a plant that grows there, whose flowers are blood red. Yeah, not foreshadowing at all…

“Túrin and his Band are Led to Amon Rûdh” by Ted Nasmith

So Mîm takes them there, the very same odd mini-mountain jutting up from the land all by itself that Túrin once mentioned to Beleg. But this odd little Dwarf now slaps a new name on the place, calling it Bar-en-Danwedh, the House of Ransom, since bringing these Men there was the price of his life. Inside, through a secret passage, they find the other two Dwarves who had escaped them. They’re both Mîm’s sons, and one has just perished from one of the outlaws’ arrows. Mîm wails and grieves, but Túrin’s surprisingly remorseful, even honorable, treatment of the matter “cools” the Dwarf’s heart. Their arrangement is established: Túrin and his men can stay here, and they have a truce with these Dwarves.

So finally the outlaws are homeless no more. Amon Rûdh is their base of operations, tall enough to provide an excellent vantage on the surrounding regions yet defensible with its high ground, Dwarf-hewn caves, and secret tunnels. Not to mention probably a ton of places to squirrel away their loot. Perfect for these land pirates.

During this time, Túrin learns more about Mîm and his kind: they are the last of the Petty-Dwarves, a disparate people who had been sundered from the rest of Dwarf-kind long ago, way back before the Dwarves of the Blue Mountains made contact with the Elves of Beleriand, before even the Sun and Moon! They’d been banished by the other Dwarves, and it seems likely that even Mîm has no idea what transpired in those ancient days that cast them out. But when they came wandering over the mountains, the Elves that first met them—most likely the Nandor Green-elves—actually hunted them. They shot them with arrows, thinking them some variety of beast. This was also long before Men ever showed up, long before the Noldor returned to Beleriand, and the Elves then had no conception of other sentient beings (except, maybe, Ents?). At some point the Elves left them alone, most likely realizing they were a legitimate race of their own.

Even so, everything about the Petty-Dwarves is sad. They’re not as skilled as their distant kin, they’re smaller, they’re not as strong and able. It may be that their ancestors did something horrible, but who’s to say? It’s all clouded in time and mystery and waning memories. Though they’re not up to par with the Dwarves of Nogrod and Belegost, they were the first ones to start digging and hollowing the earth where the caves of Nargothrond are—that’s where they first hid away from the Elves. But when the Noldor came many years later, Petty-Dwarves withdrew even from there. That’s when Finrod came in and built upon what the Petty-Dwarves had started. Which is why, back in Chapter 13, we got this one little set-up line:

But Finrod Felagund was not the first to dwell in the caves beside the River Narog.

You know, I’m going on the record in saying I think that if Mîm and the Petty-Dwarves hadn’t withdrawn from Nargothrond when the Elves of the house of Finarfin showed up, had in fact chosen to stay and demand recognition for discovery and expansion of those caves, Finrod—being the nicest Elf on Arda—would totally have been on board with their staying. Hell, he’d have probably given them a special wing and place of honor. ♪ He always wanted to have a neighbor…just…like…them. ♫

Oh, Finrod. Beleriand didn’t really deserve you.

Well, he’s gone, and the Petty-Dwarves pretty much dislike everyone except themselves. They hate and fear Orcs, of course, but see, they loathe Elves just as much. Especially the Noldor. Which is really saying something. Men they seem to be lukewarm on. But the Petty-Dwarves have dwindled and just about died out, and now there is literally just one family left, and one’s been killed. So now they’re down to just two—Mîm and one son. Well, at least he has an understanding with Túrin and his gang. They can co-exist. It’s not like there are any Elves around to bother Mîm! So that’s good.

Oh, except…

Midwinter is soon upon them, and it’s getting colder than ever. With Morgoth’s grip on northern Beleriand getting stronger, so too are extremes of nature that he himself inspired in the Music of the Ainur. Túrin’s men are getting hungry, and some are getting sick. And that’s when Beleg shows up again like a jolly old gift-bearing Elf on a cold Christmas morning. He brings supplies, lembas from Melian, and the legendary Dragon-helm of Dor-lómin. Beleg, who was once poorly treated by these men, is now their savior. They’re nursed back to health with the Elves’ vitamin-rich waybread, and Túrin is much happier with his old friend beside him. Frankly, Túrin is just a better person when Beleg is around. But still, the son of Húrin cannot be persuaded to return to the north, where they could really use him. Where his fighting prowess would not be squandered. And yet…

Beleg yielding to his love against his wisdom remained with him, and did not depart, and in that time he laboured much for the good of Túrin’s company.

Love against wisdom indeed. Beleg is loyal almost to a fault, still feeling like this young man has a high destiny. He knows Túrin’s meant for better than this, yet if he can’t get his protégé to leave the bad crowd he’s running with, then Beleg will stay among them and try to lift them all up.

But you know who doesn’t care one bit for Beleg Strongbow hanging out here in Amon Rûdh? Not one tiny bit? Mîm, of course. He stews in his hatred and doesn’t even talk with Túrin anymore. Túrin is clueless.

Meanwhile, Morgoth has renewed his search for the Elf-realms that have evaded him. Gondolin is still hidden and Húrin still isn’t talking, so that’s out. He can’t get into Doriath with his armies due to that meddling Maia Melian but he can and does swarm and overtake all the lands around it with his Orcs. Dimbar and the northern marches, the very places where Beleg had wanted to defend with Túrin beside him, are finally seized. Then the Orcs pour southward through the Vale of Sirion, into the woods and plains outside of Brethil. Drawing closer to where Amon Rûdh is situated in that stretch of land between Nargothrond and Doriath. But the Orcs hesitate in their march at this point, because “a terror that is hidden” dwells there with “watchful eyes” looking down from that ominous red-capped hill.

All because Túrin has taken for himself a new name, a third name. No more is he Neithan, or even Túrin. Now all his business cards list him as…

Gorthol, the Dread Helm

Gorthol makes himself a bogeyman to the forces of Morgoth, going out into the wilds around Amon Rûdh wearing the Dragon-helm. Where Beren once went all First Blood against the Orcs in Dorthonion, Túrin as Gorthol is more Rambo III, with fewer guerrilla tactics and more wholesale slaughter of his enemies…with Beleg Strongbow beside him. Remember that Túrin prefers open conflict, but he does so with his imposing Dragon-helm of Sword Snapping and Arrow Deflection.

Word spreads far and wide of the Two Captains who preside over this region, and their crusade against the forces of evil actually heartens others in the region who until now have only cowered. Elves, being Elves, give all the land between the River Taeglin and edge of Doriath a new name: Dor-Cúarthol, the Land of Bow and Helm. Note that while Beleg does still carry Anglachel, that meteoric black blade, he still favors his bow.

Word of the exploits of these Two Captains reaches far: Nargothrond, Doriath, Gondolin…and Angband. Morgoth is especially pleased, for he’s been looking for the son of Húrin. It’s not enough that his Vala-fueled curse has brought misfortune to the family, but if he can actually capture Túrin—who now famously wears the Dragon-helm of the House of Hador—alive, so much the better. Thus the legendary status of this so-called Gorthol allows the Dark Lord to triangulate, if you will, Túrin’s position, and so “ere long Amon Rûdh was ringed with spies.” Morgoth wants Húrin’s boy alive.

Mîm is the one to double-cross him. Orcs “capture” the old Petty-Dwarf while he’s out gathering roots, and he’s quick to give up the location in exchange for his life (again). Now the Orcs can obviously find the hill of Amon Rûdh itself, but they didn’t know the way in. Yet guided by one who knows the secret doors and passages, they now can infiltrate. Mîm demands that “Gorthol” not be slain, though; he’s got a soft spot for the young Man. Which is fine, the Orcs have orders not to kill him. But that Elf, and all the rest of his crew? Have at ’em. See if Mîm cares!

There is a night raid, and a great battle ensues, not outside the red-capped hill but within it. Thus betrayed, Túrin’s men are slain one by one—even those who manage to escape to the outside are cut down. Túrin himself is snatched up in a friggin’ net and dragged away in captivity—precisely the fate he’d been afraid of back in Doriath over the Saeros incident. (Isn’t it ironic? Don’t you think?) Beleg, unfortunately, is also horribly wounded. In the Elf’s moment of vulnerability, Mîm comes upon him and tries to take his revenge against him—against all Elves. But Beleg, even disadvantaged and weaponless, is the faster. He snatches Anglachel out of the old Dwarf’s hands and turns it against him. Mîm runs away screaming, and whether he can hear it or not, Beleg calls out after him:

The vengeance of the house of Hador will find you yet!

Elves! Even when they don’t know stuff, they know stuff. We won’t see Mîm again until the next chapter.

Though it takes time, Beleg patches himself up and searches for Turin’s body in order to bury him. Not finding his young friend, he realizes the Orcs have taken him—alive!—so he sets off in pursuit. It’s a long and arduous journey and he’s way behind them, but Beleg is among the greatest of the Elves of Middle-earth, and the Orcs are easily trackable. He doesn’t get close to catching up until he starts across the dark woodlands of Taur-nu-Fuin (old Dorthonion). But there he chances upon an Elf named Gwindor sleeping beneath a tree.

“Beleg Discovers Gwindor” by Peter Xavier Price

Yes, that Gwindor, once an Elf-lord of Nargothrond, whose wrathful charge against Morgoth’s forces had kicked off the Battle of Unnumbered Tears. He’d been taken into Angband and enslaved—nearly two decades ago! Now he’s a shell of an Elf, but he was resourceful and bold enough to escape Angband at last…only to be lost and “bewildered in the mazes of Taur-nu-Fuin.”

But Gwindor now joins up with Beleg, for he’d seen the Orcs and wolves pass through with a tall captive, a Man in chains. He advises against trying to rescue Túrin, fearing a return to the mines of Morgoth’s hellish prison. But Beleg is determined, and it’s infectious. The two Elves press on, and finally discover the Orc camp at the north edge of the highland.

The Orcs, now within sight of Angband with their prize dazed and roped to a tree, are all too confident. They’ve got sentries, they’ve got wolves, they’ve got their Man. So they just party and make a ruckus even as a storm draws close—which is perfect for Beleg. He picks off every wolf-sentinel like a sniper, and together the two Elves find Túrin, beaten and senseless but alive. They cut him from the tree and carry him out of the camp as far as they can (he’s no lightweight).

But maybe it’s because the curse of Morgoth is heavy upon Túrin—heck, now they’re literally within sight of the peaks of Thangorodrim—because what follows really, really sucks. Sucks so bad that even the storm wants in on this: Beleg goes to cut away the rest of Túrin’s bonds, because if they can get him on his feet they’ll have a better time avoiding pursuit. But he uses Anglachel—the sword with the “dark heart” of its maker—to do it. And Túrin’s bound in metal chains; he probably has to use the black sword. Well, the blade nicks Túrin in the foot, which wakes him suddenly. Dazed and confused, the cagey young man sees a figure with a blade standing over him backlit by a goddamned lightning storm. The son of Húrin’s violent impulse takes over. He wrestles with Beleg, pries the black sword from him, and runs him through.

Ugh.

This must be a blade-straight-through-the-heart situation, because Beleg’s death is instant. There’re no last words of parting, of sorrow or forgiveness. No customary moment of foresight. Just death.

Túrin, seeing what he’s done, just freezes up. No weeping, no words, just staring. Gwindor has witnessed this—yikes, talk about crazy first impressions! Fortunately, the Orcs interpret the storm as a bad omen: once they discover that their captive is gone, and that the winds of the storm have come from the west, they fear it is Morgoth’s own “great Enemies beyond the Sea” who have intervened, so they run back towards Angband empty-handed. Which, in a tale so full of woe, is a stroke of good fortune (if fortune we’ll call it), since Túrin just sits witless beside the body of his best friend.

“Beleg’s Death” by Anke Eissmann

In the morning, Gwindor snaps Túrin out of it just enough for them to bury Beleg in a shallow grave, then get the heck out of there. Days go by as Gwindor, recovering the sword Anglachel, takes charge of the situation. He is himself a shadow of what he once was, a despondent Elf for so many reasons—having lost his brother, his home, his mettle, and (for twenty years) his freedom—but it falls on him to lead the now-even-more-useless trancelike Túrin away. They avoid the Orcs who give chase and wander westward away from Taur-nu-Fuin altogether. They don’t talk. Túrin is shell-shocked to the core, and the grief on his face “never faded.” Not through all that follows.

Gwindor leads them to the pools of Ivrin, a great stone basin where cool waters collect from Mountains of Shadow, and the source of the River Narog. Blessed and shaped by Ulmo himself, according to Gwindor. Here they are refreshed from their weariness. And drinking from the mountain waters, Túrin is forced out of his stupor. He drops to the ground and finally weeps for his friend, and is thereby “healed of his madness.” He even composes a song for Beleg, the Song of the Great Bow, and there at Ivrin sings it aloud.

Then at last he talks with his new companion, Gwindor, learning who he is and where he came from. Not only is he a veteran of the last great war, he fought with Fingon and the Elves of Hithlum. Just like Túrin’s dad. It turns out that even as a slave, Gwindor knew a little bit about Húrin’s predicament:

‘I have not seen him,’ said Gwindor. ‘But rumour of him runs through Angband that he still defies Morgoth; and Morgoth has laid a curse upon him and all his kin.’

‘That I do believe,’ said Túrin.

For most of us, a bit of misfortune can lead us to conclude that the universe conspires against us. But when Túrin stubs his toe, loses his wallet, or mistakes his best friend for an Orc and slays him outright, he can rightly attribute at least some of it to an actual cosmic curse. Cosmic in the sense that a former Vala, diminished of his original might but possessing way more power than any Child of Ilúvatar, really has it in for him. But more importantly, this is the first time Túrin is hearing about it. He’s now cognizant of an actual curse. Which we’d like to think means he will tread more carefully from now on.

But that’s so not Túrin.

Gwindor also gives him Anglachel, and Túrin can sense its badassery. Gwindor, with his Elvish sensibilities, adds that the blade “mourns for Beleg,” too. Then he tells Túrin he’s going to return now to Nargothrond. He’s more than welcome to come with.

When they finally reach Nargothrond, they’re treated suspiciously, for they scarcely recognize Gwindor. Although he’s an Elf, to other Elves he seems oddly aged and withered. Then we meet Finduilas (Fin-DOO-ee-las), the princess of Nargothrond and daughter of Orodreth (Finrod and Galadriel’s brother). She was once Gwindor’s girlfriend, and she at least recognizes him. And since Gwindor vouches for Túrin, he’s allowed to stay, too. But he doesn’t allow Gwindor to speak his name. Instead he introduces himself differently. Now he’s…

Agarwaen

Túrin kicks the melodrama into higher gear here, since Agarwaen means the Bloodstained, and he pairs it with “the son of Úmarth, or son of Ill-fate.” He doesn’t want it getting out who he really is. His cover story is he’s just a woodland hunter. Never mind the distinctive dragon-crest helm or this totally unique black sword he’s carrying. He’s just some guy. Some super-duper handsome, hero-looking guy.

But the Elves of Nargothrond—who history, we must admit, has shown to be rather flighty with their loyalties—don’t let this Agarwaen (AH-gar-way-en) be just some guy. He oozes too much charisma without even trying, despite his stern demeanor. Moreover, he’s physically attractive; still young and fit, still the son of the ravishing Morwen, a.k.a. Eledhwen the Elfsheen. He is quite literally tall, dark, and handsome, “his face more beautiful than any other among mortal Men, in the Elder Days.” Hey, he’s like the male Lúthien—Ilúvatar’s gift to Men! You know, minus all the smart thinking, good judgement, and a penchant for not getting all her friends killed.

Since these Elves don’t know that their new Agarwaen friend already has a growing list of names, they decide he needs another. So given his good looks and Elvish mannerisms (owing to his growing up mostly in Doriath), many take to calling him Adanedhel (ah-DAN-eh-thel), which means Elf-Man. So that’s yet another name, and surprisingly one that Túrin himself didn’t come up with. But the renaming doesn’t stop there. The edges of Anglachel had become dull, so the sword gets reforged by “cunning smiths” (still plenty of craft-loving Noldor in Nargothrond!). Then Túrin—err, “Agarwaen”—calls it Gurthang, or Iron of Death. Because of course he does. Why shouldn’t Túrin/Neithan/Gorthol/Agarwaen/Adanedhel’s weapon of choice not also get rebranded?

With his reworked sword and a scary-ass dwarf-mask that he retrieves from the city’s armories, Túrin heads out into Talath Dirnen, the Guarded Plain, that open land between Nargothrond and Doriath, and once again he goes out into battle. Whenever Orcs encroach, he is there to terrify and to slay. There sure are a lot of layers he’s heaped upon himself, to run from the Man he was, and from the family he came from. In fact, he gets another name yet. That’s three from his time in Nargothrond alone!

“Hold my mead…”

Mormegil

Mormegil means Black Sword, and it’s under that figurative banner that Túrin further buries himself. But the Elves love it, and him, and they marvel at his skill. They’re convinced he can’t be defeated, “save by mischance, or an evil arrow from afar.” To which I’d personally be like, please stop listing ways I can die. But mischance? That might just be on the nose. Yet it’s true, Túrin somehow upstages everyone, even here in this city where there are still Calaquendi Elves, who saw the light of the Two Trees in Valinor and once knew Melkor when he walked among them. That’s nothing to sneeze at. Yet the Mormegil is high in the favor of Orodreth, just as Túrin had been with Thingol. Gosh, it sure has been a while since he used his given name.

And then it comes to pass that Finduilas, the Elf-maiden who was once Gwindor’s best girl, falls for Túrin “against her will.” That phrase isn’t necessarily used ominously here. It seems unlikely to me that Morgoth’s curse could induce love—lust, maybe. It may simply be that she didn’t mean for it to happen. But she also can’t deny it. Yet her love is an unrequited one, and Túrin himself is clueless about it. Gwindor, not being as handsome or as strong as he once was, never even tries to win her back. This isn’t an ’80s teen film; there are no boomboxes or Peter Gabriel songs to speak of. Morgoth has taken too much from him. But he does gently try to dissuade her for her own sake. Gwindor’s is a two-pronged argument:

    1. Elf and Man relationships are rare for a reason, and this mortal is no Beren.
    2. This Man in particular is perilous to be with, for he is Túrin, son of Húrin, and some kind of malevolent curse lies on that family. Only “bitterness and death” will come from loving him.

Soon enough, the Bloodstained son of Ill-Fate finds out what his friend Gwindor has done, from Finduilas herself. Gwindor’s gone and outted him as Túrin, and Túrin’s pissed.

‘In love I hold you for rescue and safe-keeping. But now you have done ill to me, friend, to betray my right name, and call my doom upon me, from which I would lie hid.’

But Gwindor answered: ‘The doom lies in yourself, not in your name.’

Gwindor totally nails it, but also we now have it from Túrin’s own mouth that all his names are about hiding from his fate. And I love that Gwindor points out you can’t just hide from your doom. Names, masks, helms–Túrin can’t run from who he is. It’s precisely what Húrin never did, remember? “I would rather look on my foes with my true face,” his dad once said. When will Túrin look on his foes with his true face?

Soon the rest of Nargothrond finds out who he is, but the Elves aren’t fazed by it. If anything, they like Túrin more. He’s a legend come to life. But he doesn’t think much on Gwindor’s wisdom, keeps on hiding from his past. He asks all the Elves to keep his secret, but he does take advantage of their love of him. With the King in his corner, he advises against all the Elf-kingdom’s longstanding surreptitious manner of warfare, “of ambush and stealth and secret arrow,” and now pushes for his own personal style. He’s proven himself in battle, and Orodreth buys into it, reversing their centuries-old strategic positions for Túrin alone. They rework their budget and now put everything into a “great store of weapons.” He’s basically like their commander-in-chief now. Gwindor tries to speak out against this, but no one’s listening to that sorry old sap now.

“The Mormegil” by Peter Xavier Price

Túrin even convinces the Elves to build a bridge across the River Narog directly from the main gate, where before there was none, “for the swifter passage of their arms.” Prior to this, even though the city of Nargothrond wasn’t as hidden as Gondolin, nor as supernaturally protected as Doriath, it was nigh-inaccessible. Morgoth’s forces would not have been able to lay siege across a river, and the secret passages into the cavern-city were hidden. But now? Well, at least the Elves can issue forth…faster? I guess that was needed? Well, let’s see where Túrin’s going with this. Hold his mead…

So at the Black Sword’s prompting, the forces of Nargothrond go out in greater force than ever before and clear out the land between the River Sirion and the River Narog, and even out west as far as the coast.

Which, of course, really catches Morgoth’s eye. It’s not just the rising of the Black Sword—the Dark Lord might be guessing who that is—but it’s the fact that one of the three “hidden” Elf-kingdoms has dared to reveal itself. To put it another way, Nargothrond has dared to stick its head up in Beleriand’s epic game of Whac-A-Mole, and Morgoth’s mallet has been eagerly waiting for a mole to whac.

There is one little upside to all this, though: due to Nargothrond’s aggression and the temporary relief it has brought to West Beleriand, way up in Dor-lómin, Túrin’s mother finally decides to risk leaving her Easterling-occupied home. Morwen knows nothing about what’s really happening in the south, or that her son has been instrumental in it; she knows only that there is “respite” for these western lands. So with her daughter, Nienor—who has grown up now into a young woman—she finally makes the crossing eastward to Doriath. Thingol receives her as he always wanted, but Morwen herself is dismayed to find her son not in residence. Still, at least they’re safe and, maybe more importantly, in a place where they are not treated like crap.

And then Tolkien gives us rare moment of precise time. It’s effectively the spring of 495, counting up from the years since the rising of the Moon (and the Sun a few days later). Two Noldor show up in Nargothrond, one of whom confusedly bears the same name as Gwindor’s dead brother (but they’re two totally different Elves—maybe “Gelmir” is as common as our “Bob” among Noldor?). These two Elves had formerly served Angrod (Finrod’s brother) up in Dorthonion, but after the Battle of Sudden Flame they ended up living with Círdan the Shipwright way to the south. But now they’re here on official business.

Círdan has sent them as messengers because Ulmo himself, the Lord of Waters, actually visited and spoke with the Shipwright directly. The last time we heard from that watery Vala he was using his powers in the River Sirion to help hide younger Húrin and Huor, whereupon they got snatched up by Eagles and brought to Gondolin. Well, now Ulmo’s influence is almost gone, for Morgoth’s forces have “defiled” the waters of Sirion. The messengers go on:

But a worse thing is yet to come forth. Say therefore to the Lord of Nargothrond: Shut the doors of the fortress and go not abroad. Cast the stones of your pride into the loud river, that the creeping evil may not find the gate.

And by “stones of your pride,” Ulmo means the strong stone bridge that was erected to span the River Narog—the one that allows swift passage to and from the city’s main doors. While Orodreth quails at these dire warnings, Túrin is unmoved. The king, far too soft to make important decisions, looks to their would-be savior, the Bloodstained Black Sword who might as well be the king now. And Túrin’s basically, “Ulmo Whatshisface said what now? Throw down the bridge? Yeah, no. Not doing that.”

And none among the credulous Elves of Nargothrond gainsay him at this point—except Gwindor. But ignoring the wisest person in the room has become a sort of M.O. for the leaders of this age, hasn’t it? And yet that’s not all: on their way here while crossing the Vale of Sirion, the two messengers from Círdan have also spied a huge mustering of Morgoth’s forces. This isn’t just another advance of Orc-bands but a great army. It’s no joke. We’re talking Sudden Flame type shit. Unnumbered Tears numbers. But Túrin’s all whatevs, we can take them. Open warfare, y’all! Somebody hold this guy’s mead already!

Well, Ulmo tried. Círdan tried. Gwindor tried. No one can say they didn’t.

“The Host of Nargothrond” by Anke Eissmann

And so the great armies of Morgoth come flowing down in a concentrated force. They sweep partially through the forest of Brethil (where previously they mostly just skirted it), slay the current head of the House of Haleth, and drive those stubborn Men back into the deep woods, and head right into the lands of Nargothrond.

This time Glaurung has come (where previously he only ventured east in the lands of the sons of Fëanor) and because he’s a dragon—the first of dragons—he’s an environmental disaster on legs. I don’t really want to know how, but he defiles the previously clean and blessed Pool of Ivrim, where Túrin had been awakened from his post-Beleg madness. And with his fire he starts to burn everything in the now unsuitably-named Guarded Plain itself.

The Elves of Nargothrond might seem frivolous at times—wishy-washy or fickle, as Alan Sisto of The Prancing Pony Podcast has said—but they are still Noldor. Most of them will recall Valinor, and the Two Trees. They’re Calaquendi, they can put up a fight. And they sure do, marching out at Túrin’s orders to meet the might of Morgoth’s armies. To his credit and misfortune, Orodreth goes, too, with Túrin beside him. Even Gwindor doesn’t sit this one out.

And they fight, and fight hard.

But they lose harder. It’s not even close. The Elves are soundly defeated, especially when Glaurung looses himself upon them. Only Túrin with his fireproof dwarf-mask can withstand him. King Orodreth himself is slain. Gwindor is horribly wounded. In the chaos of the battle, where Orodreth is probably roasted by dragonfire or spitted with Orc-spears all too quickly, Túrin is at least able to rescue Gwindor from instant death. He rides in, scoops his friend up, and rides into some woods nearby.

“Túrin Bears Gwindor to Safety” by Ted Nasmith

But Gwindor is done for. Unlike Beleg, he does get some parting words. On the one hand, he loves Túrin and tells him so, but he rues the day they met for it has led to many terrible things. Which is some tough love indeed. If Túrin wasn’t emo before this moment, you can bet he’ll really be stewing in some dark emotions from here on out. He’s just seen all his efforts to defeat Morgoth’s army wither away, and lost another friend.

But there’s still a chance he can can resist this Morgoth-induced curse upon him, according to Gwindor:

Haste thee to Nargothrond, and save Finduilas. And this last I say to thee: she alone stands between thee and thy doom. If thou fail her, it shall not fail to find thee. Farewell!

That’s right, although the army of Nargothrond has been dashed, there are plenty of people back home—the noncombatants. And Finduilas is among them. So all right, he’ll go. Back Túrin hastens, cutting through as many Orcs as he can and even organizing as many of the remaining Elves as he can. He doesn’t just straight-up abandon everyone. Not…yet.

By the time he does reach the great “stones of your pride” bridge, Glaurung and the main host of Orcs have already gone inside and wrecked the joint. Pillaged and ransacked. Those who had risen to defend its halls have either been killed or chased off. The “women and maidens”—at least, those who weren’t burned outright—were rounded up in chains. Finduilas is one of them.

Túrin now goes alone across the bridge. It’s time to do the right thing.

And out comes Glaurung to greet this courageous and foolish Man who approaches with a black blade in his hand. This can only be the famous Mormegil.

Then suddenly he spoke, by the evil spirit that was in him, saying: ‘Hail, son of Húrin. Well met!’

In other words:

’Sup?

“Túrin and Glaurung ” by Helge C. Balzer

In the next installment, we’ll pick right up from here and find out how Túrin outwits the dragon, saves the princess, frees the captives, and drives the forces of darkness from the face of Middle-earth forever. Or, I guess, at least considers it.

Also, he’s still got at least one more name in the works, ready to enter, stage right.

Top image from “Sack of Nargothrond” by Donato Giancola

Jeff LaSala just has the one name + middle name + last name, but it sure would be cool to have carte blanche on renaming ourselves, wouldn’t it? Tolkien geekdom aside, Jeff wrote a Scribe Award–nominated D&D novel, produced some cyberpunk stories, and now works for Tor Books. He is sometimes on Twitter.

About the Author

Jeff LaSala

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Jeff LaSala just has the one name + middle name + last name, but it sure would be cool to have carte blanche on renaming ourselves, wouldn’t it? Tolkien geekdom aside, Jeff wrote a Scribe Award–nominated D&D novel, produced some cyberpunk stories, and now works for Tor Books. He is sometimes on Twitter.
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Dr. Thanatos
6 years ago

At the Mythgard Academy we defined a Turin as a standard unit of bad decision-making. Feanor was rated at a minimum 5 decaturins, while Felagund’s decision to make a vow to Barahir was perhaps a couple of centiturins…

Let the rankings begin!

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Dr. Thanatos
6 years ago

By the way, if Mim had married Tauriel, would their children be among the pretty-dwarves?

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Dr. Thanatos
6 years ago

@3

He’s the poster-boy for identity theft.

He’s the Lon Chaney of Middle-Earth. 

I’m not saying Turin has a lot of names, but the Beleriand White Pages is basically all him…

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6 years ago

Ah yes, the Turin Test – you know an AI has become sentient when it starts making tragic decisions.

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ajay
6 years ago

There really is a fair amount of Nibelungenlied with the serial numbers filed off here. Mim the cringing, conspiring dwarf, dragons, forging swords, inadvertent incest…

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6 years ago

@6 I don’t think we’ve gotten to the incest yet?

That is not actually the worst sentence I’ve ever written.

palindrome310
6 years ago

Great work, as usual!

Túrin’s story is greek tragedy, clearly. It reminds me of Oedipus.

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The Runner
6 years ago

“Imagine that: having your kid taken from you. It’s legitimately one of the worst fears a parent has, and absolutely the sort of thing only villains would do.”

That was perfectly done, and I salute you.

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6 years ago

Elric – See Turin. 

(okay, they’re both Kullervo from The Kalevala)  

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6 years ago

Wait wait wait – THERE’S AN AUDIOBOOK OF THE CHILDREN OF HURIN READ BY CHRISTOPHER LEE???????

I generally really dislike audiobooks but I am strongly considering an exception in this case….  

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6 years ago

Also, thank you for including Lalaith on your tree. I still have my copy of the Sil where I hand wrote that into one of the family trees in the appendices ;)

And regarding the tree, since cousin Rian (heh, whenever I think of Rian Johnson that’s what I think of) marries bro Huor that would mean Tuor (and by extension his and Idril’s descendents who ultimately will include Elrond, Elros, Arwen, Aragorn, etc) also stem from all 3 houses…

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Dr. Thanatos
6 years ago

1 “Hurin, and Turin, and Beren himself” Does Elrond have grandpa issues? The man who led the remnants of Gondolin to safety and made it all the way to Valinor always struck me as at least as much of an Elf-friend as Turin who yeah Glaurung but also was responsible for the death of at least one Elf hero and was complicit in the ruin of Nargothrond.

2 Beleg was unfathomably wiser than Turin? So was Pippin…

3 Finduilas fell for Turin “against her will.” Do I detect the hand of Iluvatar at work here?

4 Saeros is the only person in the entire legendarium who actually died (and stayed dead) from falling into a chasm…

 

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6 years ago

– but doesn’t consider other consequences. Pretty much Turin’s decision making process in a nutshell. 

Túrin is clueless. Oh Eru, YES! Nobody can miss the painfully obvious like our Turin.

He’s now cognizant of an actual curse. Which we’d like to think means he will tread more carefully from now on. But that’s so not Túrin. Sigh.

Turin’s basic problem is he’s an adolescent; prickly, impulsive and terminally clueless, And he never ever grows up. To the bitter end he’s the equivalent of an angsty nineteen year old kid (my apologies to any readers who are nineteen and not angsty). 

The Nargothrond triangle is agony for  two of its angles, guess which one never even realizes there’s a problem? Finduilas wants to be faithful to Gwindor, she doesn’t want to fall in love with the angsty, mortal bad boy but her hormones aren’t listening. Gwindor totally understands that this has happened to her against her will, he doesn’t blame her for looking elsewhere as he no longer considers himself fit for any woman, but did she have to pick Turin? The guy with disaster written all over him? Meanwhile Turin thinks that Finduilas is his buddy’s devoted girl friend and feels nothing for him beyond kindness and puts Gwindor’s distress, which not even he can miss, down to being on the losing side in their political debate. Clueless, totally clueless.

 

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6 years ago

“Imagine that: having your kid taken from you. It’s legitimately one of the worst fears a parent has, and absolutely the sort of thing only villains would do.” – I 100% see (and agree) what you did there!

Anyway – for whatever reason (masochistic ones, I guess) this was always one of my favorite parts of the Silmarillion. Although as an adult, I do find Turin so frustrating. Even his name, Neithan the Wronged. Who ‘wronged’ him, actually? So many of his problems are of his own making; and one wonders if some of that prickly pride comes down from his mom. I always hated how they just missed each other.

This is definitely heavy on the grimdark part of the spectrum – even if some of the characters themselves have noble intent, everything pretty much turns out the worst it can. Even good intentions just lead to naught. I’d like to think that at some point, perhaps after the War of Wrath when all is said and done and whatever fate men and Elves have at the end is revealed, Beleg and Turin are reunited in some way.

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6 years ago

@16 – aaah! I noticed my mistake and went back and edited my post right away but apparently not fast enough :)

@15 – I also have to wonder why Huor and Tuor don’t get some love there ;)

I definitely took ‘against her will’ more as being it wasn’t a conscious choice. Which, falling in love is often the case, even when it’s somebody you know is not right for you. I imagine she WANTED to feel what she did for poor Gwindor, but just didn’t, and in spite of herself found herself drawn to mysterious, dark, heroic (at this point) Turin.

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Dr. Thanatos
6 years ago

@17 I had forgotten about the sonofafeanor; and yes, another example comes to us, precious, but everyone else who falls into a chasm either doesn’t die (permanently) or dies not from the fall into the chasm but from something else…

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6 years ago

I, sadly, do not have a good Turin joke. Or a good way to insert diacritical marks on this computer. In all seriousness, though:

Without denying the enormity of the bad decisions made by the family of Hurin, is the nature of the curse that each of those bad decisions generates the worst possible outcome out of the range of potential consequences?

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6 years ago

I really need to start using ‘sonofafeanor’ as an actual epithet :)  And honestly, it’s more insulting to the insulted (and less offensive to the non-insulted parties) then the real version ;)

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Dr. Thanatos
6 years ago

@22

An interesting question, how the curse works. I am reminded of the Ring, and how it tended to take the well-meaning desires of the bearer (to lead armies to victory, or to tend a garden) and make them grandiose. I would wonder if Morgoth’s curse worked by causing the Hurins to be “positively hasty” and act without careful thought. Certainly that’s the pattern with Turin; and we see some similar actions by Hurin (see “betrayal of the location of Gondolin”) et al…

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Brent
6 years ago

This is off the beaten track of comments a bit, but I copied and pasted in some information that I have always regarded as solid indirect proof that Gil-galad cannot be Orodreth’s son (as JRRT decided very late in his writings).

“That’s right, although the army of Nargothrond has been dashed, there are plenty of people back home—the noncombatants. And Finduilas is among them”

It would seem very unlikely that Orodreth would have the foresight to send his son away from the possible danger of the fall of Nargothrond and NOT his daughter or allow other noncombatants to be sent away as well.  Very unlikely.  Not to mention, given the fact that the Elves of Nargothrond have already shown themselves willing to deny his executive power, I would guess there would have been some grumbling or outright defiance of him sending his son away while keeping other non-combatants there.

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6 years ago

@26, But what if Finduilas and assorted other non-combatants refused to go? The two men she cares for more than anybody in the world – because she hasn’t stopped loving Gwindor it’s just she loves Turin now as well and differently – are both in danger, like heck is she going to run away to the coast! She’s staying right here where she can be on hand to nurse them if they’re wounded and if they’re lost she does’t want to live either. And I’m sure that Nargothrond was full of women who felt exactly the same way.

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Flypusher
6 years ago

@11, I 2nd those kudos.

While it looks like the children of Húrin get a big dose of pride from both sides of the family, the bad choices part seems to come from Morwen’s side.

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Ian
6 years ago

Mîm’s snark regarding “changed all the names” has got to be one of the best lines in the entire book. Not only does it perfectly capture an Elvish trait and the Dwarf-Elf rivalry, it completely lampshades both the Elf-centrism of the story cycle and the way in which the the Elves’ (and Edain’s) penchant to continually name and rename everything—including themselves—gets turned up to 11 in this chapter. A nice moment of mirth before things really head into their downward spiral.

(Amusingly, I picked up this chapter for a refresher the day after my wife decided to abandon her attempt to read The Brothers Karamazov because—wait for it—she found it too much effort trying to sort out all the names! Do I detect the hand of Ilúvatar pushing on my bookshelf? :-)

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6 years ago

@18 princessroxana

“my apologies to any readers who are nineteen and not angsty”

No worries mate, that creature does not exist (at least not here in America); at any rate, I’ve never met one…

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Elaine T
6 years ago

Yeah, Turin and Morwen… Morwen is stubborn and prideful, and hangs on to things.  Hurin grieved for his daughter and kept going in a way it seemed Morwen didn’t.  Turnin and Morwen cling to their feelings and opinions, morwen even before the curse.

Saeros, considering Luthien of Doriath famously wore a garment of hair, you think he’d have found something else to say, or that if Turin hadn’t acted, someone else would have.  Turin’s treatment of him the next day is the first real sign of Turin’s Problems.  He seems to have been a loving kid.  

I’ve got to figure Turin had charisma or so many people wouldn’t care so much for him.  Otherwise it’s completely inexplicable.  

@15 Elrond and grandfather issues?  Maybe.  Or he came up with the ones who actively went against the Dark Lord of their time even into his own land and resisted to the end.  Tuor did a lot, but he didn’t walk into Angband, or hang there 20-30 years still defiant, or fight the curse (badly) and still accomplish something (death of Glaurong).

 

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Still Alex Wilcock
6 years ago

I tend to mix up details from the different versions, but the shortest Silmarillion telling is probably the clearest; either that, or it just irritates that Unfinished Tales actively requires you to have your bookmark in The Silmarillion for large chunks of the plot. The Children of Húrin is impressive, but I find it mystifying that it sets up the set-up of blood / seregon on Amon Rudh, but never gives the punchline. So The Silmarillion definitely wins that one, and it’s a microcosm of The Children of Hurin finishing the tale of the children but not going on just a tiny bit further to complete the tale of (spoilers) a couple of other characters it really should to satisfy.

Also: what is Alan Lee doing with his pictures of the Dragon-helm? It looks blatantly Elvish and has only a tiny nose-guard, not a great Dwarvish visor of Fire Resistance, Dreadful Intimidation, and Protection +3. And it looks like it’s all gold on the cover rather than grey steel with gold adornments, though that may just be the too-tasteful sepia tone of the painting. But onto the Man himself…

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Still Alex Wilcock
6 years ago

Túrin is the exception that proves the rule to the usual tagline of The Silmarillion: ‘When men were real Men and Elves were real jerks’.

“The Wronged” – blaming others, poor me, for his own paranoia – then “Bloodstained, son of Ill-Fate”, which is both literally true and poor me, but don’t blame me, and never giving anyone else credit. It’s always self-pity, not self-responsibility. He comes across as the surliest ever Robin Hood, who keeps defecting from his own teams and so obsessed by himself that… Well, he’s the most gorgeous man who ever lived, he manages to be really bad news for almost the only two friends he ever values – the dwarf and the elf in a love triangle over him – then two different elf-women have long infatuations with him without his paying either any attention, and when he does at last fall for another person… Well, that choice isn’t going to disprove his obsessive self-regard, that’s all I’m saying.

When I first read Túrin’s story I immediately thought of Denis Healey’s The Tale of David Owen: “When David was born, fairies gathered round his crib to shower every possible gift on him. He would be successful, intelligent, lucky, handsome, charismatic… But, unfortunately, the bad fairy also turned up. And she said, ‘He will have all those gifts, and more. But he will also be… A s**t.’”

So the key to what you think of Túrin is Morgoth’s curse. How much is that just warping events around Túrin and how much does it actively take away Túrin’s free will? If Morgoth can make Túrin’s bad choices for him, it lets him off the hook, but I don’t see that in Tolkien’s worldview (YMMV). You get several curses here: I’d forgotten Beleg’s on Mîm (you say “they know stuff”, but it comes across more as a curse to me), then Mîm’s to come – which I prefer in the Silmarillion version, as the earlier-written one that appears in later-published ones is too stupid-powerful (and too essentially Wagnerian – @6 – jarring with Tolkien’s own voice). But Morgoth’s is the biggie, a battle of the egos between self-styled “Master of Fate” and “Master of the World”.

Here’s a theory about why Túrin is so prised despite getting everything wrong: basically, because of Morgoth. First, the Elves always kind of give way to the Valar, so if he was public enemy number one to Morgoth, that must mark him as great? Because the Elves are all minor characters in this story, which is unusual for an Elven story, and he becomes a great leader of Elves and of course they couldn’t have been schmucks (despite his leading them to disaster), so him being great must be the only excuse! And of course he’s really pretty and looks like an Elf. But back to the curse.

Tolkien’s alternate title for this was Narn e’Rach Morgoth, The Tale of the Curse of Morgoth. We know Morgoth diminishes as he puts himself into the world, and isn’t omniscient, and that evil comes to good (and yet remains evil). So as the good’s plainly not for Turin or those close to him, where does it come out? By pouring all his hate-fate on Túrin, Morgoth is distracted from other things on which his will would otherwise be bent. So how about this: in warping Turin’s destiny, Morgoth fails to notice Tuor’s. That’s why Tuor gets the straightest road of any of the heroes in The Silmarillion. And out of him (spoilers) comes the fall of Morgoth and even – via an insignificant knife that the smiths of Gondolin survive long enough to forge – the downfall of Sauron.

So what earns Túrin his title of great Elf-friend is that he’s basically the lightning-conductor for all Morgoth’s power and hate and – even if much of it’s his own fault – has the most incredibly awful life of anyone in The Silmarillion, when he could have had a marvellous destiny. But because of Turin’s suffering and wasted potential, Morgoth never spots Tuor, by whom ultimately the Elves are saved and Morgoth doomed. How’s that?

 

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6 years ago

Fascinating theory by @35. I wonder how that idea of Turin as a sort of human sacrifice would mesh with the frequent unpublished ideas suggesting that Turin would be cleansed of his past and play some kind of central role in the Apocalypse?

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Flypusher
6 years ago

@34 poor you, being reminded of unnecessary suffering.

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6 years ago

Just a reminder to please keep the discussion civil and constructive in tone, even if you disagree with the article or other commenters; you can find our full Community Guidelines here.

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Brent
6 years ago

@35:  “he becomes a great leader of Elves and of course they couldn’t have been schmucks ”  Actually I am pretty sure the correct translation of Orodreth is Schmuck.  Another reason I refuse to believe Gil-galad is descended from his loins.

@28, valid points, except that begs the question, why would non-combatant Finduilis ask and be allowed to stay (with other Elf maidens), but the son of the Lord would be willing to be sent off away from danger.  Do we have a birth year on Gil-galad, because unless he was a very young child, the incident doesn’t really speak well of him.

OTOH, I did reread the passage from TPoME and it actually says he escaped (presumably from the Sack of Nargothrond) and came to the Mouths of the Sirion and became King of the Noldor there.  So, perhaps that ends my argument, although it buttresses another one I have, which is why would the Noldor at the Mouths of the Sirion pick an Elf from the House of Finarfin as High King of the Noldor when the Grandson and then great-grandson of the Last High King were in the same community?  That Great-Grandson, btw, having the best lineage of anyone in Middle Earth, boasting as great grandparents to some degree the first King of the Noldor), a ladyof the house of the King of all Elves, lords of all three houses of the Edain, the first King of the Teleri (and later Sindar), and, of course, a Maiar.  But sure, why not pick the kid of a Shmuck as High King.

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6 years ago

Curiously, this seems to be one of my favourite stories in “Silmarillion” (perhaps it has something to do with reading the extended version of it) AND the one I hate the most. Seems to me there are some really bad decisions, and just as much, if not more, misfortune and ill luck (curse you, Morgoth! Errr … is it OK to say “Mandos take you!”?) which twists even the best intentions into events that have a tragic end. No matter what, it just cannot go well for the children of Húrin. I find the whole story depressingly sad, but what cuts me the most every time is the death of Beleg. RIM, Beleg Strongbow …

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smudgeon
6 years ago

Turin, you big handsome twit – hat Turin might have been without that damn curse! 

I know it’s somewhat popular to rag on Turin’s choices, but as mentioned, reading the novel gives you insight into his intentions. And he still managed to do some good for middle-earth (aside from poking one pesky lizard).

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smudgeon
6 years ago

*what

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Tony Zbaraschuk
6 years ago

The Narn i Hin Hurin is, among other things, Tolkien’s artistic answer to the problem of fate and freewill.  Turin is cursed by Morgoth; Turin makes his own bad choices.  Which?  Both?  Neither?  Interaction?  It becomes very complicated to say at any moment exactly why what went wrong went wrong.

LaSalamander
6 years ago

“There is one sign the Nargothrondrim can make that would be unmistakable, that would advance dramatically the cause of freedom and peace. Lord of Nargothrond, if you seek security, if you seek prosperity for the Elves of Nargothrond and Western Beleriand, if you seek safety, come here to this gate. Lord of Nargothrond, close up the Doors of Felagund. Mr. Mormegil, tear down this bridge!” —Ulmo, 1987

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Flypusher
6 years ago

@44 Morgoth seems to be loading the dice.  Someone with Túrin’s pride and short temper is probably going to cause some trouble even in the best circumstances.  Add Morgoth and you get maximum woe.

 

@35, I concur that your hypothesis is very interesting.  So Túrin is a Nodwick- I refer to the storyline where it’s revealed that Nodwick  being the hit point sink is actually essential to the functioning of the universe.  Also nicely fits the theme of evil messing its own plans up.

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jgtheok
6 years ago

Am I the only one who finds the whole “Bridge Over the River Narog” subplot to be bizarre? It seems to require, well, an entire city-full of elves (presumably including some very experienced engineers) to make, not one, but multiple jaw-droppingly poor choices. At no point during this strategic debate did anyone suggest “so, what’s called for here is less a stone monument to the ages and more an easily-demolished wooden affair with max load around half the weight of one of those dragons?”

Perhaps some important details got left out of the summary… but this sounds like a case of “author fiat exerted to advance plot.” Of course, following @35, it could be laid to the operation of Morgoth’s Curse – but from my (dull and pragmatic) perspective, Morgoth had to be burning enough mojo to influence not just Turin, but a good chunk of Nargothrond.

 

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6 years ago

Actually I find that very believable. Noldor are totally into building beautifully and for the ages. Of course they’d go for a big, gorgeous stone bridge and ignore the military consequences.

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6 years ago

Going back to the issue of Elrond’s line (possibly the one place in LOTR where I am most likely to still physically cry, despite many, many readings): rather than speculate about Elrond’s inner life when he is, unfortunately, one of Tolkien’s most underdeveloped characters, could the elevation of Turin over Tuor in the list of Elf-Friends have more to do with which one was closer to the author’s heart?

One element that comes, intensely, through all the versions of the Turin story is Tolkien’s deep love for Turin. Something about this character seems to be incredibly arresting for him. He’s a more rounded character than Beren, and likewise Tolkien’s repeated attempts to find some kind of posthumous redemption for Turin in HoME feel to me like they stem from love of the character, almost a desire to offer him restitution for what the author did to him.

Tuor, on the other hand, is always really shadowy as a character. It seems significant that, even though the imagery of the fall of Gondolin is just about the earliest documented element of Middle-Earth, Tolkien seems to have really struggled with shaping it into a narrative. I adore the very late, very abbreviated “Of Tuor and His Coming to Gondolin” in Unfinished Tales, but Tuor himself isn’t the main reason that it’s a strong story. It rests much more on the vivid description and on Ulmo as a character. Idril is likewise very underdeveloped personality-wise, even though her role would seem to make her a prime candidate to be a female alternative to Aeneas. Is it possible both that Tolkien struggled to write a complete, mature version of Gondolin because he never really got a grip on the main characters (Turgon also has very little personality; really the strong characters in this story thread are Aredhel and Maeglin) and that Tolkien’s emotional attachment to Turin influenced his position in the Catalogue of Elf-Friends?

(There’s also the possible influence of prose meter. “Tuor” doesn’t strike the ear as intensely as “Turin”, and the combination of a glottal stop instead of a full consonant between the vowels, unlike “Hador”, and the relatively weak ending on a liquid instead of a nasal consonant would break up the rhythm of the line, with its progression from “Hador” into the metrically and phonologically parallel tricolon of “Hurin”, “Turin”, and “Beren”. The rhyme followed by a near-rhyme is also very effective sentence construction.)

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6 years ago

(warning: snark and character-bashing ahead)

This is the chapter I skim through or skip entirely in my Silm rereads. Túrin is my least-favorite Silmarillion character by a mile. He seems to spend all his time alternating between wangsty and homicidal; he’s like the Anakin Skywalker of Middle-earth.

We see Túrin make a lot of rash and prideful decisions that get people hurt, and yet the people in his orbit, especially all these immortal Elves, seem really drawn to him and treat him with respect not just beyond his years but beyond his race.

Clearly Túrin maxxed out his CHA score. At the expense of his WIS.

This might just be a drawback to the summary nature of The Silmarillion. If you read The Children of Húrin, and get the full story of each segment of this tale, you can see there is often more kindness, or at least better intentions, in Túrin’s heart.

I’ll take your word for it, then.

Mîm wails and grieves, but Túrin’s surprisingly remorseful, even honorable, treatment of the matter “cools” the Dwarf’s heart.

“Oh no! I accidentally killed your child while innocently firing weapons at random strangers! Sorry, totally a dick move on my part!” has never struck me as being sufficient to reconcile someone to his son’s murderer. My headcanon is that Mîm doesn’t really like Túrin & co, but he doesn’t want to risk pissing off the trigger-happy psychopaths. And then to add insult to injury, they invite one of those Mahal-forsaken Elves into his house. I’m thinking that when the Orcs demand that Mîm show them the way in, he’s all too happy to finally be rid of his houseguests.

I’m totally Team Mîm, by the way. In case you were wondering.

Túrin kicks the melodrama into higher gear here, since Agarwaen means the Bloodstained, and he pairs it with “the son of Úmarth, or son of Ill-fate.”

I know that Túrin is, in fact, an actual teenager at this point, but erudammit, if you’re old enough to fight orcs, you’re old enough not to write bad poetry in your diary about the endless darkness of your soul.

Hey, he’s like the male Lúthien—Ilúvatar’s gift to Men!

Oh, he’s the Gift of Men personified, alright…

 

On a lighter note, here’s a manual for the care and maintenance of your very own Túrin Turambar. (The author also wrote up some equally hilarious guides for Finrod, Eol, and the Fingon/Maedhros two-pack).

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Elaine T
6 years ago

@35, I like that idea a lot.  

And, Turin does accomplish stuff that’s good for the world, for a while.  It never lasts, but he does drive the Orcs (etc) out of that region while he’s active in it.

Orodreth, I agree, is pretty much a schmuck.  Fled his fortress without even trying to destroy it.  Not backing his big bro Finrod when it was needed, and now for whatever reason, taking Turin’s advice and changing Nargathrond’s fighting style to one that will inevitably bring them disaster.  I wonder if he was trying to make up for betraying Finrod over Beren?

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morgondag
6 years ago

The wilderness in Beleriand in this age is a very harsh place. Shooting first and asking questions later when groups of strangers chance upon each other may be perceived as an understandable mistake (I assume Turins group thought they were Morgoth spies that would reveal their location and that´s why they shot). Also, Mim might be willing to forgive because Turin still seem decent compared to anyone he ever met before. 

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6 years ago

Still Alex Wilcock @35- I like it.

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6 years ago

@49

(There’s also the possible influence of prose meter. “Tuor” doesn’t strike the ear as intensely as “Turin”, and the combination of a glottal stop instead of a full consonant between the vowels, unlike “Hador”, and the relatively weak ending on a liquid instead of a nasal consonant would break up the rhythm of the line, with its progression from “Hador” into the metrically and phonologically parallel tricolon of “Hurin”, “Turin”, and “Beren”. The rhyme followed by a near-rhyme is also very effective sentence construction.)

That’s my impression as well. Though my vocabulary of poetry terms isn’t nearly as well developed as yours. I would have just said, “Because it sounded better that way.”

 

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Lucerys
6 years ago

Petty Dwarves? Any relation to hobbits?

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6 years ago

@55,

I was wondering the same thing.

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Fániel
6 years ago

A few weeks ago I accidentally came across this series of posts, and now enjoy them thoroughly, so a huge THANK YOU! I tend to have  recurring Tolkien-obsession-periods, this time it is primarily Silmarillion-based, with detail additions from the HoME. :-D The story, the characters and, oh, Tolkien’s language!… This primer and comments make a great summary and analysis, and is so funny in a good-natured way. Waiting for the next one already! 

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morgondag
6 years ago

No, I don´t think they are hobbits. As far I remember hobbits are actually a subspecies of humans.

MadamAtom
6 years ago

Echoing the support for the intent and execution of the “only villains” paragraph. I’m childless by choice myself, but … yeah.

I haven’t read enough about Tolkien’s life to know, but I wonder if Túrin’s blanking out after killing Beleg was based on a specific PTSD incident he witnessed or maybe even suffered himself in WWI, as opposed to a knowledge of the general phenomenon.

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Andrew
6 years ago

“Guard and guide Beleg” should be “guard and guide Túrin”.

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6 years ago

@50 – I definitely have a soft spot for Turin (and I definitely don’t consider him a villain despite all his poor decisions/fuck ups). But I honestly LOLd at the comparison to Anakin Skywalker. In fact, come to think of it…I like it.  But I also have a bit of a soft spot for prequel-era Anakin as well so…

(To be clear, I don’t know that Turin was ever on the same villainous route as Anakin was, were he to live, and we’ll have to get to next week so I can remember if he was as overly attached to his wife as Anakin was – I’m not remembering that being as much of a feature -but I can definitely see some similarities in the wangsty ‘woe is me I’m so wronged’ attitude.)

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6 years ago

@62 I don’t see the same unhealthy relationship between Turin and Nienor as between Anakin and Amidala (no, I did NOT just refer to brother-sister incest as “not unhealthy”, just, er, not the same kind of borderline-personality-disorder-tinged violent adoration/hatred unhealthy. . .um. . .)

But I do see a lot of meaningful similarity between Turin’s mix of terror for and pedestal-worship of Morwen and Anakin’s similar relationship to Shmi. The separation even seems to happen at a comparable age. So definitely some similarities between two traumatized antiheroes. That said, I think that @59’s analysis of Turin in terms of PTSD is spot-on, as opposed to Anakin who emerges from childhood trauma with a case of BPD so on the nose that it’s made it into some abnormal psych textbooks.

(Despite being on Team Turin, not only am I very much on Team Dwarves in the larger scheme of things, praise Mahal, but I’ve got plenty of room for Turin humor and officially thank @50 for the Care and Feeding link. Priceless.)

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Gaius Maximus
6 years ago

@49 – As for why Tuor was left out of Elrond’s list of Elf-Friends, if the suggestion made in the Silmarillion is correct and Tuor pulled a reverse-Luthien and ended up being counted among the Elves, he may no longer qualify as an Elf-Friend in Elrond’s view.

@51 – I’m pretty sure Orodreth did stand by Finrod in the Beren and Luthien chapter. At least, Finrod left him in charge of Nargothrond, and he later drives out Celegorm and Curufin.

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Elaine T
6 years ago

We can discuss Tuor when we get there.. off hand I don’t think he does get to change his fate.

Orodreth was conspicuous in being absent during the dramatics in Nargarthrond doing nothing until word of his brother’s death arrives; and he did leave his stronghold that he was responsible for in enemy hands without – as far as I recall in all of HoME – any attempt to make it unusable by the enemy.  I suspect that aside from Turin’s charisma, Orodreth is attempting to make up for perceived failures on his own part.  Also aside from the Doom of Mandos.  

 

@63, Given that he never saw his sister until they were both adults the incest is intellectually icky, but not emotionally so.  Does that make sense?  And I’ve read that kids raised apart do tend to find each other very attractive.  it’s apparently behind a lot of the Border ballad incest stuff.  Unintended consequences of the fosterage system.  

 

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Andy Cooke
6 years ago

@40,

“why would the Noldor at the Mouths of the Sirion pick an Elf from the House of Finarfin as High King of the Noldor when the Grandson and then great-grandson of the Last High King were in the same community?”

– Because Earendil wasn’t an Elf, but a mortal (at this point). As shown by the speed of his growth and maturing. I tend to take Mandos’ words at the end of The Lost Road as solid on this: that anyone with the blood of mortals is mortal, so Half-Elves are, by default, mortal. Earendil and Elwing only get The Choice as a special case due to Earendil’s great achievement in his voyage and plea, and that partly to get around the “Aman is forbidden to mortals” thing. His children getting the same Choice so they don’t automatically get seperated from their parents for eternity – not without having some sort of choice, anyway.

That tends to wrap up the issue (and Gil-galad being a Finarfinian also answers why Turgon inherited from Fingon; by the time Gil-galad inherited, he was literally the last male Elf of the House of Finwe left in Beleriand).

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Elaine T
6 years ago

After JLaSala pointed to the Prancing Pony Podcast I went a poked around the site a bit.  There’s a highly interesting essay on Turin and Free Will or Fate.  Which includes the quote from the standalone Children of Hurin: (in Ch. IX of Children of Húrin) when Morgoth “began to fear that Túrin would grow to such a power that the curse that he had laid upon him would become void, and he would escape the doom that had been designed for him, or else that he might retreat to Doriath and be lost to his sight again.”

That alone puts more on Turin and less on Morgoth’s curse.  And the note that Turin was out of Morgoth’s sight and power while in Doriath puts the Saeros hunting all on Turin himself.  

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morgondag
6 years ago

As for building a stone bridge instead of something easily destroyable being unbelievably stupid, that´s true, but it doesn´t matter that much to the story actually. Nargothrond´s army didn´t wait to get sieged, they marched out and were crushed in the open field. With only noncombatants and a few guards left, it wouldn´t have mattered if they could have destroyed the bridge. The whole policy of going on the offense against Morgoth was the decisive error, and the bridge mostly a visible symbol of that policy. 

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6 years ago

It’s tempting to think of Túrin’s life as being little more than a series of dumb, tragic, easily avoided mistakes. On the other hand, some people might make the same conclusions about my own life, if they looked at it closely enough. Maybe we’re all cursed.

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Keleborn
6 years ago

@69,

“I was the victim of a series of accidents. As are we all.”

– Winston Niles Rumford/ Sirens of Titan/Kurt Vonnegut.

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6 years ago

Petty-dwarves are not hobbits. But I wonder if they might be the literary origin of hobbits. Like the pukel-men of LOTR, Tolkien obviously had some sympathy, and real liking, for “the little people”.

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6 years ago

Like the man said, ‘It’s glorious but it isn’t war.’ Which is pretty much the Noldor in a nutshell. These folks have NO idea how to fight a serious war. Sinda and Men do. Turin should have known better but he’s an angsty adolescent. Hurin is face-palming on his stone chair, ‘Oh, son, NO! ‘

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6 years ago

@72/JLaSala,

Well argued. But aren’t you forgetting the Doom of Mandos? It’s not like there ever was going to be a winning strategy.

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6 years ago

@65, I’d agree with the “not emotionally icky” analysis if I had never read the line from the Unfinished Tales expanded version “It was said that he sought in all women the face of Lalaith”.

Blech.

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6 years ago

@76,

Perhaps being consumed by Dragon Fire was a better way to die than retreating into a cave only to be consumed by flesh-eating bacteria or something, the way the Athenians under Pericles did.

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6 years ago

What confuses me about this chapter is what he does when he finds out his Dad is alive. Last he heard was Dad marching off to war. He’s been MIA, presumed dead, for many years. Now our hero finds out he’s alive, just after manslaughtering (we can’t call it murder, but he’s certainly culpable) his surrogate father. What does he do? Umm, gives himself a new name. For the love of The Maker, you’re not even going immediately hare offto scope out if you can do a Beren and mount a ninja-like rescue?   

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6 years ago

Well, here’s a thought. Many of the Elves are able to behave both bravely and sensibly because when it comes to the Doom of Mandos, they are in denial – deep down they will not stop believing they can win .Turin on the other hand feels “That I do believe” about being cursed in a way that is even more personal than the Doom of Mandos. He rails against this fate at the same time as being in despair about being able to do anything about it – possibly a definition of ‘angsty’.

One of the themes of The Walking Dead (although not executed very well) is that people who are angsty in this sense are dangerous, because they will “fulfill their own prophesies” with actions that are a danger to both self and others.

(Roxanna, I would venture that there is a reason that adolescents have a tendency to be angsty that has nothing to do with either youth or hormones. But it certainly does make for a vivid stereotype.)

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Ian
6 years ago

@80: A good insight. Since the Noldor (as a certain Took Gamgee would later dryly observe) have more time at their disposal, their denial is at least somewhat justified by the hope that conditions could change in the future to alter the Doom, if they held out long enough. Beren couldn’t do that, but he could at least hope that his half-Sinda, half-Maia girlfriend could help find a loophole.

But Túrin? He can feel that he is cursed and knows well that he has a limited time to do anything about it, even if he can somehow find some non-mortal allies. As a long time IT pro I can certainly attest that the combination of time pressure and impossible requirements is an excellent recipe for making poor choices that end up making things worse for everyone involved. In that regard, Túrin may be the most relatable character in the legendarium apart from the hobbits.

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Elaine T
6 years ago

@79, be fair, Gwindor only says ‘ (scrolls up for the quote I have not seen him,’ said Gwindor. ‘But rumour of him runs through Angband that he still defies Morgoth; and Morgoth has laid a curse upon him and all his kin.’ Gwindor is far from certain that Hurin is still around, and he’s been in Angband. 

If it’s just rumor, Turin wouldn’t accomplish anything except to get himself killed poking around the obvious trap of word of Dad.  And he can be useful elsewhere.  Nor does he have Luthien in his corner, or Elven stamina to go hunting like Fingon for Maedhros.  I guess the Eagles reported on Maedhros so it was known he was alive?  Or Morgoth let the word out for generally nasty reasons.

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6 years ago

@81/Ian,

“Since the Noldor (as a certain Took would later dryly observe) have more time at their disposal …”

My goodness, I thought I was pretty familiar with LOTR, but I find myself unable to place that. The nearest I have been able to come is Bilbo saying “Elves may thrive on speech, and Dwarves endure great weariness, but I am only an old hobbit, and miss my meal at noon.” 

“As a long time IT pro I can certainly attest that the combination of time pressure and impossible requirements is an excellent recipe for making poor choices that end up worse for everyone involved.”

Heh, I thought you were going to make another Chess Metaphor there.

Seriously, it makes a lot of sense that the Elves would hope that either the Valar would in time change their minds, or else that “a miracle would occur”. Or like Gandalf saying about Saruman, “It might be that he had found some weapons that would drive back the Nine,” they might have hoped to find weapons that would allow them to contest the will of Morgoth.

And I also find Turin strangely relatable (partly because I try to imagine who he could and should have been, with a bit less trauma in his life, or at least better luck).

SaintTherese
6 years ago

@83 it’s in the LOTR appendix on the calendar. As I recall (book’s downstairs, I’m upstairs) isn’t it Sam, though?

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6 years ago

@84, Ah, that’s why it doesn’t ring a bell. I’ve never read the calendar appendix.

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Ian
6 years ago

@84/SaintTherese: <sigh> Yes, corrected above. I blame Peter Jackson and Billy Boyd for overemphasizing Pippin’s quippiness at the expense of the other hobbits. (Also, I see you have a most excellent avatar ! :-)

@83/Keleborn: Túrin’s relatability seems to, uh, relate to the recent discussion on another thread regarding character development across different franchises. Even in the abridged form presented in The Silmarillion, there seems to be an exploration of Túrin’s psychology that is a bit deeper than any other character I can think of in the same book; the hobbits and Éowyn seem to get a similar treatment in LotR. I think the keys are that they are described as dealing with emotions (love, fear, frustration, rage) that most people have felt, and perhaps more importantly (from a lit-crit perspective) we actually read about them changing—not always for the best—in response to the events of the story.

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6 years ago

@80, Turin has every right to be an angsty nineteen year old. The problem is he Never Learns. He’s still impulsive, angsty and adolescent at thirty. 

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6 years ago

@87,

“Calling Trump Childish Shows How We Disrespect Children” , Dr. Peter Gray, Psychology Today.

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6 years ago

Huh?  How did Trump get into this? If you think I’m insulting adolescents by calling Turin’s behavior adolescent I concede you’ve got a point. 

 

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6 years ago

@89,

If you read the article you will see that it is not about Trump. It is about the kind of language people use when they wish to deliver an insult.

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6 years ago

“House of Nador”?

The two Gelmiri must be a result of combining drafts from different times.  I mean, the author decided after the fact that Glorfindel of Gondolin and Glorfindel of Imladris must be the same, because no two Elves could ever have the same nickname (=Goldilocks).

JLaSala (3): I think you mean bestowed rather than bequeathed.

Lisamarie (14): Elros and Elrond also descend from the kings of all three tribes of Elves.  (Incidentally, the word tribe itself comes from a three-way division of the early Latins!)

smudgeon (43): You should be able to edit your past posts.

mutantalbinocrocodile (49): I don’t think Tuor is meant to have a glottal stop; wasn’t it Tûr in an early version?  In Finnish, uo (in stressed syllables) is a diphthong, not that Finnish is relevant here ;)

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6 years ago

Another good one. I’m looking forward to reading this for real now.

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Dillon7272
6 years ago

 Doesn’t Mim (and the Petty-Dwarves) hate the SINDAR most of all, not the Noldor?

Perhaps Hurin and his children should go on Morgoth’s hate-list ;)

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6 years ago

#93, do the petty-dwarves distinguish between elf tribes? Did, say, the last remnants of the Pequot nation of North America hate the English more than the Welsh or something? Did the Scots hate Londoners more than, oh, Yorkshiremen during the long Scots/English wars?

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Dillon7272
6 years ago

Shouldn’t it be that Mim and the Petty-Dwarves hate the SINDAR the most, not the Noldor?

 

Also, , check this out! :P

https://imgur.com/H22xCFm

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Dillon7272
6 years ago

@94

I said it because JLaSala says Mim and the Petty-Dwarves hate the Noldor most of all… but the Silmarillion says they hate the Sindar most of all (like Beleg).

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Ben Bassett
6 years ago

I think this thread provides a nice counterpoint to the prevailing point of view here: 

Barrow Downs Forum: Turin the Hopeless?

As the OP asks:

So, was Tolkien merely writing CoH to point up the failings of the Pagan worldview? Seems a very long, laborious way of going about it if he was. Or was he rather setting out the Pagan ideal? It seems to me that CoH is a story far better suited to a post Christian world than LotR, or at least a story that is easier to understand. I can identify with Turin far more than with Frodo, or even Sam. They may be people I’d like to be, but I know Turin is far more like I actually am.

 

and later: 

 

Turin is a man of his (& our) time. No-one knows the answers to his questions, because there are no answers that work. There is no overarching religious vision or philosophy – his world is cut off from meaning & all a man can do is fight wrong to the best of his ability. His actions may be wrong, stupid, reckless, even cruel, but they are not seen as ‘sins’. One cannot imagine Turin in the world of LotR, because he is of a different time & place. CoH is almost an ‘anti-LotR’ – different values, different rules. One cannot ‘escape’ into CoH as one can escape into LotR. For all the suffering, the tragedy & loss in LotR, there is a sense that there is a guiding hand, that somehow it will all be well in the end – because the characters will get what they deserve. Good will win out & evil will be overcome. CoH stands apart from that vision.

I don’t think there is as stark a dichotomy between the world view of The Children of Hurin and The Lord of the Rings as the OP here suggests, but I think his remarks are apt, especially in light of all the Turin bashing going on in this thread. I think it’s easy to blame Turin, especially thanks to particular flaws in his character, but for me this has always come across as an attempt to ‘save’ the story from its own implications: that actually, the world as it is portrayed in this particular story eschews neat or philosophically pleasing theodicies; in other words, that the sheer gratuity of the suffering depicted in this story resists attempts to justify it, even in light of the theodicies presented in The Silmarillion

Instead, it merely highlights the hell of living ensconced in a mortal world which seems to be bereft of meaning or higher purpose. This is much clearer in the novelised version, where the story opens with the seemingly pointless death of Turin’s sister. Mortality, and the suckiness of mortal life, are foregrounded right from the start, and later mortal life is explicitly contrasted with the immortality of the Eldar. The story doesn’t offer answers or consolation; instead, it depicts a world gone to hell. One can always argue, of course, that none of this reflects Tolkien’s worldview, but I think that is to read Tolkien’s worldview too simply. Further, as the OP in that thread pithily asks: 

However, CoH as a story without ultimate hope, where the hero is destroyed by a fate he cannot understand or hope to conquer (he hopes, but his hope actually betrays him), it seems to me is something unique from the pen of Tolkien & shouldn’t be seen as merely a part of something else. To bring hope from the wider Legendarium is in a way to cheapen the tragedy – as if it was to turn out that Niniel wasn’t really Nienor, that it was just a case of mistaken identity, & to have her turn up at the end with Hurin & Morwen after the death of Glaurung & to even have Niniel have fallen onto a ledge just below the precipice, so that everyone could live happily ever after. That would be a perfect Eucatastrophe, revealing a light & joy beyond the walls of the world, & make the tragedy more palatable. For Tolkien to deliberately miss out any hope or joy from the story is more than an interesting curiosity. As I said, we may wish that the world was like LotR, we may even believe that in the end it will be, that there will be an ultimate victory of good over evil, but what we know (after the Somme, Auschwitz, Hiroshima, 9/11, after all the personal tragedies we live through) is that the world is more like the one we see in CoH. We are more like Turin than Frodo.

Apologies for the long quotes here, but I think they add a perspective to this discussion that is otherwise missing here. Food for thought, in any case. 

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6 years ago

Let Turin into LOTR and he’d be fighting right alongside Boromir and Faramir at Osgiliath, kicking ass and taking names. He would be a tremendous asset.

Just don’t let him come anywhere near the Ring, that’s all. :)

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6 years ago

@99,

It may have been the Noldor that did them wrong, but they still responded by hating the Sindar as well. They were after all rather ‘petty’ :)

Yes, I am actually going to hit “post” now. :)

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6 years ago

@94/Carl – I think the Scots/English relationship is “complicated”. I’m pretty confident the Scots would say they hated the English, but when you start asking them about the various “tribes”, I’m pretty sure you’d get cockney w**ker and posh t**ser, but the others (like Yorkshire) you might get a more ambivalent response, particularly as York was frequently fought over in the wars.  I’m betting there’s as mush Scottish blood as Viking here in York.

The Welsh / English is a better metaphor with the attitude of the Paquot nation.  

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6 years ago

@97, What a very strange reading of a war against a fallen angel by rebels who have sinned by defying the ruling Archangels. 

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6 years ago

Someone in the Tolkien Society found this passage about Petty-dwarves. (I don’t have access to the original source, but I assume the quote is accurate.)

The great Dwarves despised the Petty-dwarves, who were (it is said) the descendants of Dwarves who had left or been driven out from the Communities, being deformed or undersized, or slothful and rebellious. But they still acknowledged their kinship and resented any injuries done to them. (War of the Jewels, “Quendi and Eldar”)

Banished for being deformed or undersized. If I was a Petty-dwarf, I’d mostly be mad at other Dwarves. 

And wow, over 100 comments. Túrin’s a pretty popular guy. William Bell once said, “Everybody loves a winner, but when you lose, you lose alone.” But maybe not in literature.

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6 years ago

Basically Petty Dwarves got it from all sides. No wonder they’re seething and resentful. Actually being treated with respect is enough to make Mim partial to Turin. 

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Colin R
6 years ago

I like the story of Turin; it is certainly Tolkien at his most devastatingly tragic.  But I also think its where he is closest to Wagner–and the most in danger of being lost to changing mores and perceptions.  I have a hard time reading about Mim without thinking of Wagner’s grotesque antisemitic caricatures, and it’s still difficult to understand why Tolkien went to that same well.  I suspect that Tolkien thought he was rescuing dwarves from Wagner; I would guess that he was offended both by Wagner’s use of Germanic myth for his own political ends, and also by Wagner’s blasphemy.

So I think that in his small-c conservative way, Tolkien was trying to re-establish both Jews and Dwarves in his own mythology: as a separate people who aren’t really part of the whole grand plan, but still have their place.  It is to Tolkien’s credit that he is too humane, and too good a writer, to make dwarves entirely unsympathetic; even the pathetic Mim evokes pity.  That doesn’t entirely wash the bad taste out of my mouth.

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6 years ago

Personally I’ve never seen the ‘Jews = Dwarves’ thing.

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Colin R
6 years ago

For Wagner, it was explicit; his Ring Cycle only makes sense with the understanding that his Dwarves are Jews, whose very existence despoils national purity.  He was not subtle or coy about it.

Tolkien’s Dwarves are usually seen as being in conversation with Wagner because Tolkien’s dwarves resemble Wagner’s as much as they resemble creatures out of the Voluspa; if you are at all familiar with the Nibelungenlied, I think the similarities are hard to miss.  In addition, stuff like magic rings aren’t really found in Germanic myth at all–but they were sure important in the Ring Cycle.  You can add in that Khuzdul is clearly influenced by Semitic languages.

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6 years ago

@108, I know Khudzul is based on semitic models and I know Tolkien once compared the Dwarves deprived of their homes and forced to wander to the diaspora but that’s not equivalency.

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6 years ago

Regarding Dwarves and Jews, this is one of the original sources:

I do think of the ‘Dwarves’ like Jews: at once native and alien in their habitations, speaking the languages of the country, but with an accent due to their own private tongue… (Letter 176, 1955)

As Jeff implies, Tolkien doesn’t discuss the issue in detail, at least in this particular letter. (I think there are a few other letters in which Tolkien also briefly discusses the topic.)

I know almost nothing about Wagner, but I find the discussion fascinating. 

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Elaine T
6 years ago

@104 I just had War of the Jewels off the shelf, looking at the Hurin stuff … let’s find Quendi and Eldar.  Ok.. Appendix B, Elvish  names for the Dwarves .. yadayada.. Petty Dwarves weren’t recognized as Incarnates at first, mostly because they were seldom seen clearly.  First caem to Eldar awareness by stealth attacks at night or if they caught Eldar alone in wild places.  So the Elves hunted them, thinking them cunning two-legged animals.  After the Eldar got to know the Naugrim/non-petty Dwarves, the Tad-dail (petty Dwarves) were recognized as a variety of Naugrim and left alone.  There were few surviving by that time, and they were wary.  Sindar are those who named them Petty-Dwarves, .. yep, driven out from Dwarven communities for being deformed, undersized, slothful rebellious… Indeed it was one of the Dwarves grievances against the Eldar that they had hunted and slain their lesser kin,… but it was set aside with treaties when the Sindar pointed out the Petty Dwarves had never declared themselves to the Eldar, nor presented an claims to land or habitation, but only “had at once attacked the newcomers in darkness and ambush.  But the grievance still smoldered, as was later seen in the case of Mim…”  There’s a note on it all, too… They apparently were in Beleriand before even the Eldar first came there  and described themselves as fugitives driven into the wilderness by their own kin further east and .. had become smaller than the norm of their kind and filled with hate for all other creatures.  

 

And not on Petty Dwarves, but it amused me, as I flipped through to find the above, I also noticed this:Indeed the Teleir on their side asserted that most of the Noldor in Aman itself were in heart Avari, and returned to Middle-earth when they discvoered their mistake; they needed room to quarrel in.  This is apparently an answer to Noldor claims that the Teleri were all at heart Avari..

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6 years ago

“Tolkien was trying to re-establish both Jews and Dwarves in his own mythology: as a separate people who aren’t really part of the whole grand plan, but still have their place.” – this is not really an accurate thing to say about the Jews, though, even in Catholic theology.  I guess I don’t know exactly what Tolkien’s personal opinions on the topic was (although if I recall from his letters he spoke favorably of the Jewish people) but unlike some Fundamentalist grops, the Jews aren’t simply viewed as some castaway/obsolete sect.  Although of course the relationship has been complicated…

@97 – I really enjoyed those thoughts, although I don’t think I was one of the Turin bashers to start with.  While I think Tolkien ultimately believed in a victory, he wasn’t exactly an optimist either, and I think to him, in some ways, it was a virtue to keep slogging on in spite of that. 

 

 

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6 years ago

I have neither the time, books close to hand, nor courage to properly treat the “Dwarves=Jews?” issue. That said, I do think that, given Tolkien’s intense personal feelings about the relationship between linguistic and moral beauty, that any consideration of the topic has to include the material from HoME in which a modern viewpoint character has auditory hallucinations of both Sindarin and Adunaic (which latter the character explicitly recognizes as sounding more Semitic) and considers BOTH to be very beautiful languages.

Also fascinating to consider the implications of Adunaic being closer phonologically to Khuzdul than to Sindarin.

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6 years ago

@97/Ben Bassett – I really don’t know where to begin with how much I disagree with the stuff you’ve quoted there. Let’s start with the whine about how bad the world is. By any metric the world is getting better.  Global Child mortality is down. Global literacy is up. Global poverty is down. Global internet connectivity is up. Despite having 2 World Wars, the 20th Century was the most peaceful 100 years in recorded history. 

If the OP feels helpless, that the world is getting worse, and their actions count for nothing, they’ve not been paying attention. 

As to feeling more alike to Turin than Sam or Frodo, then the OP must be amazing. I mean, Turin runs off into the wilderness as an angsty teenager, and in less than a year he’s running his own band of Merry Men. Then he rocks up as a vagabond in an Elven kingdom, incognito, and in short order is advising the king. That’s Ace Rimmer levels of awesome. That’s not someone I feel I’m like. 

Now, being dragged into a council way above my pay grade by a series of unfortunate events, listening to everyone kind of agreeing on what what should be done but nobody really making the final call and me having to stand up say “Frak it, hold my mead, I got this.”  Yeah, that’s someone I could be. Or if my mate did that, I’d totally have his back. 

Now, to be fair, if I was Turin, on finding out I had a curse, I would totally reply “Figures.”  But then I’d be all about finding a way to break it. I mean, Gandalf and the other wizards don’t arrive for another 500 years or so (I’ve got that right, yes?), but I’d be hitting the library, sending out some letters and paying a few house calls for sage and arcane advise on breaking said curse. Instead he goes off to kill [admittedly evil and enemy] people. Not a healthy response and not one I particularly empathise with.

Yes, Turin’s tale is markedly different to the rest of Tolkien’s work. But it was really distasteful to set up straw man arguments to dismiss the hope in the rest of the works. There seems to be a theme that runs through Tolkien’s work that (arguably) the greatest victories are won when we overcome our flaws. Turin’s tale is a warning about what happens when we allow our flaws to control us.   

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6 years ago

@113/LisaMarie,

“While I think Tolkien ultimately believed in a victory, he wasn’t exactly an optimist either, and I think to him, in some ways, it was a virtue to keep slogging on in spite of that.”

Indeed, I think Tolkien was representing this kind of stubborn unwillingness to surrender in the face of quite reasonable causes to fall into despair as being that which earns an occasional divine intervention – although in order to keep it real, sometimes (more often perhaps) people just have to lose.

Some things in support of this view:

1) Somewhere Gandalf said something like “Some things are better to have begun.” even if it is likely they will end badly.

2) Boromir’s quite reasonable argument against the wisdom of sending a hobbit with the Ring into Mordor and “offering the Enemy every chance of recapturing it for himself” is nevertheless represented as clearly wrong, wrong, wrong, an instance of the hubris of reason.

3) Even Frodo in his final moment needs help from the hand of fate, in the form of Gollum. Yet the moment could not have arisen had Frodo (and Sam) not struggled and endured to bring the Ring to the very brink of the chasm.

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6 years ago

@115/WillMayBeWise,

“When maybe a thousand years had passed, and the first shadow had fallen on Greenwood the Great, the Istari or wizards appeared in Middle-earth.”

– Appendix B, The Third Age, LOTR.

A rare opportunity for me to contribute something factual. In the presence of so many other posters with even greater knowledge of Tolkien than I have, I often have to limit myself to making smartass remarks. Which do seem to stimulate conversation sometimes, though!

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Elaine T
6 years ago

Clarifying the time to the Istari more like 5000 years than 500.  I just figured you dropped a zero.  Some decades of the First Age to go, yet.  The War of Wrath alone takes 40 years (not that you can tell from the Silmarillion).  Then Second Age 3441 years.  A thousand years into the 3rd, the Istari turn up.   So, strictly speaking 4500 is closest to the ballpark if you don’t want to work out the timing between Turin and the end of the Age (which I don’t). 

 

 

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6 years ago

@83: Thanks for pointing out that comment by Sam. I have read all the Appendices, but that piece of information went zipping by without staying with me.

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6 years ago

Oh, Turin… I drew this up after a reading of the Silmarillion some years ago.

Turin comic

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Ian
6 years ago

@113, @115, @116: In pushing back on the distasteful ideas quoted in #97, I’m surprised no one has brought up an even more obvious aspect of Tolkien’s worldview: his avowed, utter disdain for allegory. Sure, Frodo’s arc may be a bit of a conscious deconstruction of a hero, and Túrin may certainly qualify as a cautionary tale, but I don’t believe that either one is really about anything other than describing notable stories from the history of Arda. Indeed, it seems to me that Túrin fits squarely within a long tradition of mythical heroes who are neither saints nor ultimately victorious—think Achilles, Hector, Sigurd, perhaps even Beowulf—due to a combination of external meddling and their own human faults.

@118: ~4500 years of the Sun are only 31 löar, so if we are talking amongst (Elf-)friends, Will is right that it wasn’t too long. ;-) But if Túrin wanted to hang out with Maiar he should have stayed in Doriath…

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6 years ago

@121/Ian,

Indeed, if I had thought LOTR or Silmarillion were in any sense allegorical, I would have settled for reading the Cliff Notes.

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6 years ago

@97 – The approach you describe sounds like it might be informed by philosophical existentialism. That seems like a reasonable approach to me. I don’t know how far one would get with an existential reading of, say, Lord of the Rings, or Beren and Luthien. But it could prove fruitful in the case of The Children of Húrin.

Though as princessroxana points out, Túrin’s life isn’t bereft of meaning so much as it’s caught between the Curse of Mandos and a malevolent (and over-reacting) fallen Vala. Therefore, an existentialist reading of the story might be based on the assumption that Morgoth (and maybe even the Valar) are themselves absurd and bereft of meaning.

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6 years ago

@123,

I consulted Wikipedia for what it had to say about existentialism, and discovered this:

“Existential angst, sometimes called existential dread, is a term that is common to existentialist thinkers. It is generally held to be a negative feeling arising from the experience of human freedom and responsibility. The archetypal example is the experience one has when standing on a cliff where one not only fears falling off it, but dreads the possibility of throwing oneself off.”

Compare this to what Aragorn said to Eomer:

“Good and ill have not changed since yesteryear; nor are they one thing among Elves and Dwarves and another among men. It is a man’s part to discern them, as much as in the Golden Wood as in his own house.”

In the one case, the only sensible freedom to exercise is the freedom to discern and submit oneself to the Good; in the other, ultimate freedom is to be found in assembling a nuclear arsenal and letting your finger hover over the button.

It makes sense that those who prefer the second option would find life absurd and meaningless. And vice versa.

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Dr. Thanatos
6 years ago

The business of Dwarves and Jews has been blown way out of proportion. Within a month of a letter being published stating that Khudzul was inspired by Hebrew, headlines appeared in some of the more tabloidy papers “Tolkien says Dwarves are Jews” accompanied by some of the unflattering dwarf quotes about money.

If one is going to play game of who’s the who, I have a paper in preparation that mines JRRT’s catholic background to support the thesis that Elves (fallen from grace, exiled from home due to their sins) parallel the Jews; Men (the aftercomers, whose fate lies beyond the world and will participate in the Second Music while the Elves are eru knows where) parallel the Christians. The concept of Ecclesiasta vs Synagoga in medieval church art goes along with the concept of the estrangement of the First and Second children. 

Or, as Freud once said, sometimes a dream is just a dream…

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6 years ago

Your paper sounds so interesting :)  When I was in college I took a class on Tolkien and my honors paper was on Catholic themes although I focused more on despair/hope/grace type things.

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6 years ago

@125,

Then the Avari, the unwilling, must be the agnostics and atheists. And the hobbits with their pipe weed must be the Rastafarians.

I bet somebody somewhere has already pointed that out. :)

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6 years ago

As Jeff says when you read the actual chapter you see Turin has a good heart under his angst. He is compassionate and capable of great kindness. Unfortunately his good qualities are undermined by his impulsiveness and short fuse. The more his mistakes pile up the more doomed he feels. Turin never sees the curse as something he can fight, something rooted in his own flaws, but as a malign exterior force that messes with him and ruins his good intentions whatever he does.

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6 years ago

@128,

Yes, Turin’s lack of circumspection – a natural concomitant of impulsivity – makes him unable to learn from his experience. It is curiously like what Buddhists describe as being unawakened; I wonder if there is something that corresponds to this in Christian theology. Grace, perhaps?

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6 years ago

I have the impression that Tolkien himself did not notice the similarity of Khuzdul to Semitic until someone else remarked on it.  Of course I can’t find a source for that.

Elaine T (112):  hm, Tad-dail appears to mean ‘Two-feet’.

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6 years ago

@129 – off the top of my head, prudence and discernment are the ideas that seem the closest.  Humility and contrition as it pertains to being aware of your own flaws and intending to amend them.

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6 years ago

Turin seems to have a ‘It’s not my fault’ mindset. It wasn’t his fault that Saeros fell to his death and it’s unfair anybody would think it was. He is WRONGED. He finds out about the curse at a particularly vulnerable moment, he’s grieving bitterly for Beleg and struggling with guilt. Sadly he latches on to the curse ‘it totally not my fault, it’s Morgoth!’ His failure to see he still has agency and he can make choices that frustrate Morgoth’s ends is sad and shows a lack of maturity.

His father Hurin goes on a rampage of revenge after his release from Angband that plays right into Morgoth’s hands. But he is capable of seeing the truth and breaking the ‘curse’ by refusing to be Morgoth’s thrall.

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Dr. Thanatos
6 years ago

@133 He may break the curse by refusing to be Morgoth’s thrall but he betrays the location of Gondolin; he brings the Nauglamir to Doriath, paving the way for the death of Thingol, the discarding of Melian’s girdle, and the destruction of that kingdom; he sure is acting like a thrall of Morgoth…. 

And I must note that Turin blames Morgoth for everything. Can you just hear him saying “Morgoth, Morgoth, MORGOTH!”

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6 years ago

Going to do something I very rarely do and post before I’ve read all the comments.  You guys talk too much!!!  But finally, FINALLY got to read this article – wonderful, Jeff.  Thank you.

I remember when I first read of Turin Turambar – when I was a young teenager, still struggling with the prose of the Silmarillion but loving it nonetheless.  But the story of Turin…it hooked me and hooked me hard.  I remember so clearly finishing the story and just being stunned by the drama/beauty(?!?)/tragedy of it all.  Immediately decided that it was my favourite segment of the Silmarillion.  Not sure if that still stands(been a few years since I’ve read it properly), but I do maintain that nothing can beat this for sheer thrills.  

Your article, Jeff – was simply fantastic and reminded me anew of the awe I felt upon reading this back when I was a mere lad.

Thank you.

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6 years ago

Personally I give Turin a pass for Beleg’s death – as I am sure would Beleg himself. Under the circumstances it was a completely understandable act. Maybe a bit of Morgoth’s malice at work there.

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6 years ago

@109/Colin R – “[Wagner’s] Ring Cycle only makes sense with the understanding that dwarves are Jews.” I disagree, and I think that does a disservice to Wagner’s ability as a writer. He may have been (okay, was horribly) racist, but his work endures because is has power. 

The Ring Cycle made sense to me before someone pointed out parallels between Shylock and Wagner’s Dwarves. Their behaviour isn’t that far removed from dwarves that turn up in Norse Myth – admittedly those dwarves are usually belligerent and vindictive because they’ve just been tricked by Loki, but the basic pattern is there.   

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6 years ago

@117/Keleborn – thank you. I remembered the 1000 year bit, but not that it happened in the Third Age. <sigh>  

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6 years ago

@118 Elaine T – bless you, but no, not a typo. I knew the Battle of Unnumbered Tears happened in the the year 472, and the Istari arrived about 1000. Unfortunately I forgot that it was 472 of Years of the Sun in the First Age, and (as Keleborn pointed out) the wizards arrived around year 1000 in the Third Age. 

Túrin is about 8 in 472 YotS, so he’s what, early 20’s when Beleg dies? So that puts it around 485 when he realises he’s cursed. 

The First Age ends around 600 YotS. The Second Age ends after 3441 years. 

So we’re looking at about 4,556 years (approximately) between Túrin finding out about the curse and Gandalf (with the other wizards) turning up. So that’s a bit of a wait. :

Still don’t understand why he didn’t ask anyone else how to break the curse, though.    

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6 years ago

As an aside to assigning IRL racist stereotypes to fantastical fictional races, in a collection of essays about Star Wars they took the concept to an extreme degree. I think the intention was to show how ridiculous the concept could get, but concluded with the assertion that the  most positive depiction of the Viet Cong could be found in the Ewok.    

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Dr. Thanatos
6 years ago

@141 It’s not really a matter of assigning racist stereotypes. The dwarves in the Hobbit (not LOTR) are all about the money; it’s done for laughs when they talk about Bilbo’s contract, and about dwarves knowing the value of something down to the smallest detail, and about finding loopholes to keep from giving up any of their money…but that is still reminiscent of the antisemitic trope of the Jews being “money people” that is pervasive even to today (it’s not a “yes, Shylock, but that was 400 years ago” as I have heard on some tolkien forums recently). That’s why I prefer to think that JRRT was not drawing this connection in any way other than linguistic…

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Elaine T
6 years ago

@140, Turin doesn’t seem to be the sort as an adult who asks how to do things.  I don’t have Children at hand at the moment, but even as a kid he takes correction but doesn’t seem to be the sort to ask.  

And likely would assume there’s no way to break a curse by one such as Morgoth. 

He’s got a good heart, but jeepers he’s got bad instincts. Back in Doriath, running Saeros to death, Mablung IIRC tells him it’s orc-work, and Turin shrugs it off.  

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6 years ago

@140/WillMayBeWise,

“Still don’t understand why he didn’t ask anyone else how to break the curse, though.”

Yeah, there must have been plenty of wandering ‘conjurers’ offering Spells to break Morgoth’s Curse, only seven gold pieces this week! :)

Actually one wonders why Turin’s band were so happy to find Mim’s hoard. What good is gold in the absence of a healthy enough economy to support trade based on a division of labor? No wonder all dragons want to do with it is lie down on it.

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Ben Bassett
6 years ago

@123, yes, the approach is somewhat existential, although I think it arises naturally out of the text itself. It’s easy to assign blame to Turin because we as readers are afforded a window onto his life, from beginning to end, within the space of a single novel (or chapter). Of course, Turin’s problem at crucial points of the story is that he lacks vital information (no Gandalf to guide him) and so he often choses a course of action that, in light of later events, makes him look foolhardy. At other points, it’s certainly also the case that he possesses sufficient information, but fails to take it into account or discounts it altogether, as when he ‘deigns’ not to go back to Doriath. Whatever his flaws though, Turin’s life is clearly cursed, and in that sense the story is, if not allegorical, suggestive of a fairly fatalistic worldview. In this case, a kind of Northern ‘theory of courage’ ethic, wherein what is important is not ultimate victory, but the strength to continue in the face of overwhelming misfortune. 

In this sense the Turin story is quite distinct in its ethical sentiment than The Lord of Rings, which tends to valorise what you might call a Stoic (in the ancient sense) disposition. Characters like Aragorn and Frodo are motivated to act virtuously and humanely because they believe in certain ethical principles, like courage, fortitude, justice, etc. In one letter (I don’t have them to hand) Tolkien observes that Frodo acted out of a sense of a love for the humane. Gandalf’s admonitions to Frodo regarding pity are also eerily Stoic. Of course, some readers find these ethics to be particularly Christian – but in a wider sense they are simply a crystallisation of Western value/character ethics as adumbrated by a range of traditions. In this they are quite distinct from the more amoral vision implicit in Northern early medieval literature, and therein lies the great tension of Tolkien’s entire oeuvre. Whichever vision one finds the more appealing is really up to the reader; Tolkien himself, while clearly a Christian, was adept at writing stories which were able to capture, and to some extent (though not completely, I think) reconcile, the two worldviews. 

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Laura
6 years ago

Hey, everyone seems to have forgotten that Turin got yet another name for himself. Finduilas calls him Thurin (The Secret) which freaks him out because it’s so close to his real name.

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Elaine T
6 years ago

So Thuringwethil is not in Morgoth’s/Sauron’s demon esperanto.  I never thought much about that name before.  

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Flypusher
6 years ago

@144

”Actually one wonders why Turin’s band were so happy to find Mim’s hoard. What good is gold in the absence of a healthy enough economy to support trade based on a division of labor?”

I’m thinking it’s “old habits die hard” mentality.  They probably spent their childhoods in a stable society before the battle of Unnumbered Tears wrecked it all.  Note the numerous sales pitches to buy gold aimed at people these days who fear society is about to collapse.  If that really did happen, things like a sturdy sharp knife or a water filtration device would be a lot more useful than heavy gold bars.

But I do admit to liking shiny objects!

 

 

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6 years ago

From Wikipedia, citing Morgoth’s Ring:

Fëanor actually named him in Quenya, Moriñgotto or Moriñgotho, and this was later translated into Sindarin as Morgoth.

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Dr. Thanatos
6 years ago

The discussion of names, both native and given, reminds me of something waaaaay down the road.

In the beginning of The Two Towers, our stalwart heroes come across a bunch of orcsies with big white letter S’s on their helms and shields. Aragorn, who presumably knows about these things, says “Sauron does not let his name be used.” Sauron, meaning “the Deceiver,” was a name given to him by Elvsies; his real name was Maeron. Perhaps Aragorn should have said “Sauron does not let the nasty and disrespectful nickname given to him by his enemies be used…”

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Elaine T
6 years ago

Maeron, which I’ve also see as Mairon, that reminds me that one possible definition of the word is ‘precious.’  (I think… pokes online Quenya dictionaries… yes, when spelled with the ‘i’.  )

Precious.  Well, isn’t that interesting, given Gollum, Isildur, Bilbo.

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Dr. Thanatos
6 years ago

@153 Well, that would explain why he kept trying to find out what Finrod had in his nassssty pockets…

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6 years ago

@152, That, and the man who calls himself the Mouth of Sauron. I suspect it’s a form of literary shorthand. That is, the man really calls himself the Mouth of Maeron. But if Tolkien put that in the book, he would need to stop the story at a very dramatic point in order to explain the etymology of the word Sauron. (Incidentally, my understanding is that Sauron is Quenya for “abhorred.”)  

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Dr. Thanatos
6 years ago

@155 I stand corrected. I remember the phrase Sauron the Deceiver but I now also recall that “abhorred” was mentioned. As well as Gorthaur the Cruel, Anatar the Gift-Giver, and, no doubt, other perjoratives. By the way, was Anatar the Lord of GIFs associated with Meme the Petty-Dwarf? 

We have discussed on the Mythgard discussion groups the business about Mouthie using The Name, as well as the Messenger to Erebor (“A ring, the least of rings, a trifle that Sauron fancies”). Perhaps the “He Who Must Not Be Named” rule only applied to Orcsies and Trollsies, and not to wraiths and Mouths…

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6 years ago

@153, interesting!

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6 years ago

@120: That’s hilarious.

On the subject of Jews, Dwarves, and Tolkien: there’s an essay worth looking at on Ask Middle Earth, which traces how the portrayal of Dwarves changed throughout Tolkien’s writings.

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Brent
6 years ago

@66, actually I was speaking of the next generation, who is Earendel’s and Elwing’s son and Turgon’s Great grand son, as I said.  His lineage is even better than Earendel’s since he a Maiar as an ultimate grandmother.

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6 years ago

“House of Nador”

Don’t you mean “House of Hador”?

SaintTherese
6 years ago

Or affects typos? :)

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Jeff Walther
6 years ago

 Several folks have expressed puzzlement at why other folks in the Tolkien-verse were so quick to follow Turin.  

 

Perhaps Morgoth’s curse was nothing more than to grant Turin the power to be extra persuasive, thus leading others into what should have been his folly alone.

 

While the way the story is told does cause me to feel some sympathy for Turin, especially when I first read it, I feel less so now.

 

Turin is like an arrogant child who during a dangerous  bit of driving grabs the wheel and tries to take control of the car, even though he has no idea how to drive.

 

He’s like a bad driver who has been in multiple collissions, who is convinced that accidents just happen and are not preventable.

 

Admittedly in his world and situation he may not have had any good choices.  But that doesn’t mean he had to drag others down with him just to satisfy his narcissistic need to be at the center of matters.

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6 years ago

@164/Jeff Walther,

That is a novel and interesting idea. It might even be extended to the power of the Ring. Imagine Boromir suddenly getting feedback like “Yeah, take over Gondor! March on Sauron! That’s a great idea!”

Cursed with the power of the Ring!

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6 years ago

@164/Jeff Walther – so (to put it in role play terms) you’re suggesting the curse has a positive Charisma modifier? :)

and I can see a certain type of player actively seeking it out, confident they can role play their way out of the negative consequences of the curse. I mean, it doesn’t even have game stats… ;)   

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6 years ago

I wonder if the Rings of Power (or maybe just the One Ring) give a charisma bonus when worn as an amulet on a chain around the neck. At least at first, anyway. Explains why everyone was so willing to let Frodo carry the Ring to Mount Doom when he offers.

Perhaps as it’s influence grows stronger the modifier reduces and the bearer becomes closer to a ring wraith.  

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NamelessOne
4 years ago

I always thought there is so much more to the relationship between Beleg and Turin. It may have been a homosexual relationship had the term existed properly during Tolkien’s writings? I find the love between them beautiful. the history between them goes so far and deep. We all know how tragic it ends and the love between them may also explain the silent madness it drove Turin into.

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M
3 years ago

Jeff, what do you think of the idea that there was, to some degree, a homosexual relationship between Beleg and Túrin? I had dismissed this before now, as people often want to see things where there isn’t anything, but why else would Túrin have “kissed the mouth” of Beleg? Any ideas how this can fit with Tolkien’s Catholic faith? Perhaps he didn’t agree with the Catholic Church when it comes to teachings concerning homosexuality? That’s the only explanation I have.

“But Túrin tearless     turning suddenly

on the corse cast him,     and kissed the mouth

cold and open,     and closed the eyes.”

–J.R.R. Tolkien,The History of Middle-earth III: The Lays of Beleriand, “The Lay of the Children of Húrin III: Failivrin”

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3 years ago

M (169): Another possible explanation is that to the author – or to Túrin’s culture as the author imagined it – a kiss on the mouth does not necessarily have the meaning you suppose.

If tongues were involved, that’s another story.

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